IRON OXIDE
~ also known as Iron(II) oxide; ferrous oxide; Iron monooxide; Oxoiron; 1345-25-1; Iron monoxide; etc. is an inorganic compound and one of the several iron oxides. The global iron oxide market is projected to increase at a CAGR of 4.3% between 2015 – 2025, owing to its wide application as pigments, catalysts, etc. Construction and paints & coatings are the major end-use industries for iron oxides.
Chemical structure: FeO. Typical iron deficient (non-stoichiometric) form also exists, with compositions ranging from Fe0.84O to Fe0.95O.
Properties: Iron oxide mainly exists as black cubic crystals. It is practically insoluble in water and alkalies, but readily sol in acids.
Production:Â
- FeO can be prepared by the thermal decomposition of iron (II) oxalate.
FeC2O4 → FeO + CO2 + CO
The procedure is conducted under an inert atmosphere to avoid the formation of ferric oxide. A similar procedure can also be used for the synthesis of manganous oxide and stannous oxide.
- Stoichiometric FeO can be prepared by heating Fe0.95O with metallic iron at 770 °C and 36 kbar.
Chemical reactions and Uses: FeO is thermodynamically unstable below 575 °C, tending to disproportionate to metal and Fe3O4:
4FeO → Fe + Fe3O4
Iron (II) oxide is used as a pigment. It is approved by the FDA for use in cosmetics and it is used in some tattoo inks. It can be used as a phosphate remover from home aquaria. It is also widely used as catalysts, paints, and coatings.
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