Category Environment/Geology

Mars appears to have had a more massive atmosphere billions of years ago than it does today, with an active hydrosphere capable of storing water in long-lived lakes. The MSL team has concluded that this water helped to fill Gale Crater, the MSL rover Curiosity’s landing site, with sediment deposited as layers that formed the foundation for the mountain found in the middle of the crater today.

Curiosity has been exploring Gale Crater, which is estimated to be between 3.8 billion and 3.6 billion years old, since August 2012. In mid-Sept 2014, the rover reached the foothills of Aeolis Mons, a 3 mile high layered mountain aka “Mount Sharp”. Curiosity has been exploring the base since then...

This image shows: (a) Main components of micro PSC; (b) unassembled micro PSC model; (c) assembled proposed micro PSC model; (d) schematic of micro PSC tested; (e) schematic of experimental set up; and (f) experimental measurement set up. Credit: TECHNOLOGY

A novel micro-technology, which captures the electrical power generated by the photosynthesis and respiration of blue-green algae, has been created by Optical Bio Microsystem scientists. This scalable technology enables economical ways of generating clean energy, and may be the superlative, carbon-free power source for the mitigation and eventual erasure of global warming.

Both photosynthesis and respiration, which take place in plants cells, involve electron transfer chains...

Petrographic thin section made from core sample is shown. This 30 micron thin slice of rock allows a view of the types of features thought to be microbial. Here, the blue layers are an epoxy added in to see void-space in the rock and the grey is sediment. The morphology of the orangey-brown layers are suggestive of microbial activity, such as they way they roll over themselves in the bottom left and smoothly drape over the triangular feature. This type of deposition demonstrates that the sediment had to have a degree of cohesive stickiness, such as that provided by the presence of microbial mats. Credit: USGS Core Research Center

As NASA has confirmed flowing saltwater on the surface of Mars, the hunt for life on the Red Planet has new momentum...

Dark, narrow streaks on Martian slopes such as these at Hale Crater are inferred to be formed by seasonal flow of water on contemporary Mars. The streaks are roughly the length of a football field. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona

Perchlorate salts, which may help on our JourneyToMars! Perchlorate absorbs water from the air.

Using an imaging spectrometer on MRO, NASA found hydrated minerals on slopes where mysterious streaks are seen on Mars. One thing that researchers noticed was that the darkish streaks appear to ebb and flow over time. During warm seasons, they darken and then fade in cooler seasons. When discovered in 2010, these downhill flows known as recurring slope lineae (RSL) were thought to be related to liquid water...