Category Physics

AI Generated Content helps in 3D Brain Reconstruction

AI generated content helps in 3D brain reconstruction

Minimally invasive surgery and automated robot-guided surgery are likely to be performed under extreme conditions, which require new demands on intraoperative information acquisition capabilities. Three-dimensional (3D) brain point cloud generation plays an essential role in overcoming the visual limitations of these surgeries.

One of the applications of generative AI is in the field of 3D brain point cloud generation. By using deeplearning algorithms, the 3D point cloud of the patient’s brain can be generated for reconstruction during minimally invasive surgery. However, some conventional existing point cloud reconstruction methods still have limitations when applied directly to real surgical scenarios.

Now, a research team led by Prof...

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Robotic Proxy brings Remote Users to Life in Real Time

Mose Sakashita, a doctoral student in the field of information science, with the ReMotion robot.
Mose Sakashita, a doctoral student in the field of information science, with the ReMotion robot.

Cornell University researchers have developed a robot, called ReMotion, that occupies physical space on a remote user’s behalf, automatically mirroring the user’s movements in real time and conveying key body language that is lost in standard virtual environments.

“Pointing gestures, the perception of another’s gaze, intuitively knowing where someone’s attention is — in remote settings, we lose these nonverbal, implicit cues that are very important for carrying out design activities,” said Mose Sakashita, a doctoral student of information science.

Sakashita is the lead author of “ReMotion: Supporting Remote Collaboration in Open Space with Automatic Robotic Embodiment,” which he prese...

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Leaky-Wave Metasurfaces: A Perfect Interface between Free-Space and Integrated Optical Systems

Six holographic images produced by leaky-wave metasurfaces
Left two figures: Two holographic images produced by a leaky-wave metasurface at two different distances from the device surface. Right four figures: Four distinct holographic images produced by a single leaky-wave metasurface at two different distances from the device surface and at two orthogonal polarization states. Credit: Heqing Huang, Adam Overvig, and Nanfang Yu/Columbia Engineering

Researchers at Columbia Engineering have developed a new class of integrated photonic devices – “leaky-wave metasurfaces” – that can convert light initially confined in an optical waveguide to an arbitrary optical pattern in free space...

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Training Machines to Learn more like humans do

Training machines to learn more like humans do
Schematic illustration of the representation of a discrete video sequence becoming progressively straighter as information is processed through a visual processing pipeline, starting from the highly nonlinear trajectory of typical video frames in pixel space. Credit: Anne Harrington, Vasha DuTell, Ayush Tewari, Mark Hamilton, Simon Stent, Ruth Rosenholtz and William T. Freeman, https://openreview.net/pdf?id=4cOfD2qL6T

Imagine sitting on a park bench, watching someone stroll by. While the scene may constantly change as the person walks, the human brain can transform that dynamic visual information into a more stable representation over time. This ability, known as perceptual straightening, helps us predict the walking person’s trajectory.

Unlike humans, computer vision models don’t t...

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