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Manipulating Stress Response in Cells could help Slow Down Aging

Glucose extends lifespan in aged worms independently of the DAF-16
(FOXO). Differentially regulated genes downstream of the insulin/insulin-like
growth factor signalling (IIS) (a), daf-16 (b), hsf-1 independently (ind.) of heat shock
(HS) (c, d) in animals fed on the normal diet (ND) or high-glucose diet (HGD) from
5-day old (HGD-5). e Lifespan assays of daf-16(lof) animals fed on the ND or HGD-5
(ND, n = 502; HGD-5, n = 536 including biological replicates). f, g Representative
images of DAF-16::GFP localisation in 1- (D1) and 5-day old (D5) worms on 16 h ND,
HGD (filled circles) or 1 h heat shock (filled circles) at 37 °C (n = 60 for each condition including biological replicates). Scale bars represent 100 μm (f) and 25 μm
(g). Highlighted worms with dashed lines are WT animals...
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This Molecule could be Behind Liver Fibrosis

liver lab notes

The finding opens the door for a possible treatment for many liver diseases. A study identifies a molecule behind the runaway growth of bile duct cells inside the liver, which underlies many liver diseases.

The liver is the all-important organ behind processing of various substances we put into our bodies, from food and drink to alcohol and drugs. When things go awry with the liver, the consequences can be deadly. At the root of many liver diseases, from hepatitis to Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis, commonly known as NASH, is scarring, otherwise known as liver fibrosis — and currently, there are no drugs available to treat this scarring.

Researchers are investigating the root causes of liver fibrosis in the hopes of identifying potential targets for drugs in the future...

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The Number of Ancient Martian Lakes might have been Dramatically Underestimated by scientists

The number of ancient Martian lakes might have been dramatically underestimated by scientists
Figure 1: An example of a large, impact crater-hosted lake on Mars (a) and a small, permafrost-hosted lake on Mars. Both images show elevation data from the MOLA (Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter)  and HRSC(High Resolution Stereo Camera)   instruments draped onto images from THEMIS (a) and CTX (b). Credit: ESA/JPL/NASA/ASU/MSSS

Lakes are bodies of water fed by rainfall, snowmelt, rivers and groundwater, through which, Earth is teeming with life. Lakes also contain critical geologic records of past climates. Though Mars is a frozen desert today, scientists have shown that Mars contains evidence of ancient lakes that existed billions of years ago, which could contain evidence for ancient life and climate conditions on the red planet...

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The Blood Stem Cell Research that could Change Medicine of the Future

Tubes filled with coloured liquid join a microfluid device set in perspex
The microfluidic device that emulated an embryo’s heartbeat and blood circulation. The cell seeding channels are filled with red food dye, while the heart ventricular contraction control channels and circulation valve control channels are filled with blue and green food dye respectively. Photo: UNSW/Jingjing Li

Making stem cells from a patient’s adult cells — rather than human embryos — is one of the holy grails in modern medicine treatments. New research brings us two steps closer.

Biomedical engineers and medical researchers at UNSW Sydney have independently made discoveries about embryonic blood stem cell creation that could one day eliminate the need for blood stem cell donors.

The achievements are part of a move in regenerative medicine towards the use of ‘induced pluripoten...

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