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How Vitamin D Deficiency can Lead to Autoimmune Diseases

How vitamin D deficiency can lead to autoimmune diseases
Reduced thymic cellularity and altered T cell development in CypKO mice. Credit: Science Advances (2024). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9582

As Canadians brace for “vitamin D winter”—months when the sun’s angle is too low to produce the vitamin in the skin—a McGill University study explains why vitamin D deficiency early in life is associated with a higher risk of autoimmune diseases.

During childhood, the thymus helps train immune cells to distinguish between the body’s own tissues and harmful invaders. A vitamin D deficiency at that stage of life causes the thymus to age more quickly, the researchers discovered.

The study is published in the journal Science Advances.

“An aging thymus leads to a ‘leaky’ immune system,” said lead author John White, a Professor in and Chair of M...

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Central Nervous System-associated Macrophages could Modulate Post-Stroke Immune Responses

A CNS-associated macrophage (CAM, in red) at the interface between a blood vessel and an astrocyte (cyan) in a mouse brain. Credit: Levard et al.

An ischemic stroke is a type of stroke that occurs when a blood clot in an artery, also known as thrombus, or the progressive narrowing of arteries, blocks the blood and oxygen flowing to the brain. This process can cause both temporary and permanent brain damage, for instance, leading to partial paralysis, cognitive impairments and other debilitating impairments.

Statistics suggest that older age increases the risk of experiencing ischemic strokes...

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New Research shows how Global Warming is Messing with our Rainfall

rainy day
Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain

The past century of human-induced warming has increased rainfall variability over 75% of the Earth’s land area—particularly over Australia, Europe and eastern North America, new research shows.

The findings, by Chinese researchers and the UK Met Office, were published in the journal Science. They provide the first systematic observational evidence that climate change is making global rainfall patterns more volatile.

Climate models had predicted this variability would worsen under climate change. But these new findings show rainfall variability has already worsened over the past 100 years—especially in Australia.

Past studies of the observational record either focused on long-term average rain, which is not systematically changing globally...

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‘Gene Misbehavior’ Widespread in Healthy People

'Gene misbehavior' widespread in healthy people
Identification of misexpression events and characterization of misexpressed genes. Credit: The American Journal of Human Genetics (2024). DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.06.017

New insights into the prevalence and mechanisms of gene misexpression in a healthy population could help in diagnosing and developing treatments for complex diseases.

Scientists have uncovered that ‘gene misbehaviour’ – where genes are active when they were expected to be switched off – is a surprisingly common phenomenon in the healthy human population.

The team also identify several mechanisms behind these gene activity errors. This may help inform precision medicine approaches and enable the development of targeted therapies to correct expression.

Researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the Univer...

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