Brain function associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness plays a role in increased cognitive performance in older adults, according to a new study. Specifically, the scientists found that dual-task processing in a core executive function brain region is associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness and dual-task performance.
With fMRI scans in the Beckman Institute’s Biomedical Imaging Center, the researchers found that certain regions of the brain were activated more when performing two simultaneous tasks compared to a single task.
“The reason we looked at dual-task specifically is because it’s a measure of executive function, which is required for multiple cognitive processes, such as working memory, task management, coordination, and 3inhibition,” said Wong. “We know that as people age, executive function declines, so we found that with higher cardiorespiratory fitness, you can enhance executive function performance behaviorally as well as executive function-related brain activation.”
The team found the overall relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness levels and higher executive function may be partially explained through activation of anterior cingulate cortex and the supplementary motor area (ACC/ SMA).
“We analyzed areas of the brain that were activated while the participants were completing two tasks, and found that the ACC/SMA activation was associated with higher cardiorespiratory fitness. It’s an important area for higher level functions, such as conflict monitoring, multitasking, and dual-task processing itself,” said Wong.
“This research adds to our growing understanding of the relationship among physical activity and cognitive and brain function -and suggests that we can improve our brain health by changing our lifestyle even as we age,” said Kramer. http://beckman.illinois.edu/news/2015/09/fitness-level-brain-activity-executive-function
Recent Comments