The results are in: Which AI model is the most fallible? Persuadable? Correctible? University of Arizona researchers assessed seven different generative AI large language models, or LLMs, for these three qualities during lengthy conversations. Their work, published in Nature’s Scientific Reports, reveals intrinsic limitations that might go undetected during one-off interactions.

Among the seven LLMs tested—ChatGPT (GPT-3.5, GPT-4o and GPT-4o-mini), Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Gemini 1.5 Pro, Llama-3-70B and DeepSeek-R1—they found that:

ChatGPT 3.5 was most vulnerable to reaffirming misinformation during a conversation containing repeated false statements; Claude 3.5 Sonnet was the least.
All seven were more susceptible to misinformation on obscure top...

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument has released the largest 2D map of the Universe. Credit: NSF NOIRLab

In 2012, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) was commissioned to measure the effect of dark energy, the mysterious force driving the expansion of the cosmos. Since then, the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys have obtained optical images of tens of millions of galaxies and quasars, including through NOIRLab’s Nicholas U. Mayall 4-meter Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO). In recent news, the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys team made its 11th data release (DR 11), constituting the largest-ever 2D map of the universe.

The 5.6-trillion-pixel map contains nearly 4 billion celestial objects, including stars, galaxies, black holes and asteroids...

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have uncovered a critical biological mechanism that helps explain how inflammation is triggered and sustained in a wide range of diseases—highlighting a promising avenue for future therapeutic development.

The study, published in PLOS One, identified human resistin as a central driver of immune system activation. Researchers found that this protein plays a key role in turning on a powerful inflammatory pathway known as the NLRP3 inflammasome, which has been linked to numerous health conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and autoimmune disorders.

“Chronic inflammation plays a role in everything from heart disease to autoimmune disorders, yet the underlying triggers have remained unclear,” said...