brain tagged posts

High-Fat Diet Starves the Brain

Cross-section through the brain of a mouse: regions with reduced uptake of glucose after three days of a high-fat diet (blue: slightly reduced, white: greatly reduced). [less] © MPI f. Metabolism Research

Cross-section through the brain of a mouse: regions with reduced uptake of glucose after three days of a high-fat diet (blue: slightly reduced, white: greatly reduced). © MPI f. Metabolism Research

A high-fat diet of 3 days in mice leads to a reduction in the amount of glucose that reaches the brain. The mouse brain restored its sugar uptake after 4 weeks, albeit at the cost of the rest of the body. High-fat-content foods throw our bodies out of kilter. Obesity and diseases such as type 2 diabetes can be the result. But what does a high-fat diet actually do to our brain? Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research in Cologne have looked into the brains of mice to understand how obesity and diabetes develop.

“A high-fat diet reduces the uptake of blood glucose into the ...

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Why we’re Smarter than Chickens: PTBP1 proteins

Schematic representation of PTBP1 protein structure. Each RNA recognition motif (RRM) has different binding affinity for pyrimidine-rich sequences on mRNA. The N-terminal domain encloses partially overlapping nuclear localisation (NLS) and export signals (NES). Blue boxes representing RRMs are not drawn to scale.

Schematic representation of PTBP1 protein structure. Each RNA recognition motif (RRM) has different binding affinity for pyrimidine-rich sequences on mRNA. The N-terminal domain encloses partially overlapping nuclear localisation (NLS) and export signals (NES). Blue boxes representing RRMs are not drawn to scale.

A small change in a protein PTBP1 can spur the creation of neurons that could have fuelled the evolution of mammalian brains to become the largest and most complex among vertebrates. Brain size and complexity vary enormously across vertebrates, but it is not clear how these differences came about. Humans and frogs, for example, have been evolving separately for 350 million years and have very different brain abilities...

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