controlling epilepsy tagged posts

Distinct Wiring mode found in Chandelier Cells

AIS but not off-target varicosities predominantly contain presynaptic markers. A, Immunohistochemical analysis of VGAT localization in ChC varicosities in Nkx2.1-CreER;LSL-tGFP mice. Confocal images of a single optical section showing varicosities (green), VGAT (red), and AISs visualized by AnkG immunostaining (blue) in a P16 brain. White and yellow arrowheads indicate AIS and off-target varicosities, respectively. Filled and empty arrowheads show VGAT+ and VGAT- varicosities in ChC axons, respectively. Scale bar, 5 μm. B, The average percentage of VGAT-containing AIS and off-target varicosities in P16 ChCs. The percentage of VGAT-containing AIS varicosities is significantly higher than that of VGAT-containing off-target varicosities (n = 7 ChCs for each; ≥3 brains per condition; Student’s t test: **p < 0.001)h. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. C, Localization of Syp-YFP puncta in varicosities of transplanted ChCs. Confocal images of a single optical section showing AIS visualized by AnkG immunostaining (blue), Syp-YFP (green), and varicosities along the axon (red) in an EP16 brain. White and yellow arrowheads indicate AIS and off-target varicosities, respectively. Filled and empty arrowheads show Syp-YFP+ and Syp-YFP- varicosities in ChC axons, respectively. Scale bar, 5 μm. D, The average percentage of Syp-YFP-containing AIS and off-target varicosities in EP16 ChCs. The percentage of Syp-YFP containing AIS varicosities is significantly higher than that of Syp-YFP containing off-target varicosities (n = 6 ChCs; ≥3 brains; Student’s t test: ***p < 0.001)l. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. E, The average percentage of VGAT-containing AIS and off-target varicosities in P28 ChCs. The percentage of VGAT-containing AIS varicosities is significantly higher than that of VGAT-containing off-target varicosities (n = 7 ChCs for each; ≥3 brains per condition; Student’s t test: ***p < 0.001)°. Data are presented as mean ± SEM.

AIS but not off-target varicosities predominantly contain presynaptic markers. A, Immunohistochemical analysis of VGAT localization in ChC varicosities in Nkx2.1-CreER;LSL-tGFP mice. Confocal images of a single optical section showing varicosities (green), VGAT (red), and AISs visualized by AnkG immunostaining (blue) in a P16 brain. White and yellow arrowheads indicate AIS and off-target varicosities, respectively. Filled and empty arrowheads show VGAT+ and VGAT- varicosities in ChC axons, respectively. Scale bar, 5 μm. B, The average percentage of VGAT-containing AIS and off-target varicosities in P16 ChCs...

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