early universe tagged posts

Birth of Massive Black Holes in the Early Universe

A 30,000 light-year region from the Renaissance Simulation centered on a cluster of young galaxies that generate radiation (white) and metals (green) while heating the surrounding gas. A dark matter halo just outside this heated region forms three supermassive stars (inset) each over 1,000 times the mass of our sun that will quickly collapse into massive black holes and eventually supermassive black holes over billions of years. Credit: Advanced Visualization Lab, National Center for Supercomputing Applications

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Dark Matter Less Influential in Galaxies in Early Universe

Schematic representation of rotating disc galaxies in the early Universe (right) and the present day (left). Observations with ESO's Very Large Telescope suggest that such massive star-forming disc galaxies in the early Universe were less influenced by dark matter (shown in red), as it was less concentrated. As a result the outer parts of distant galaxies rotate more slowly than comparable regions of galaxies in the local Universe. Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

Schematic representation of rotating disc galaxies in the early Universe (right) and the present day (left). Observations with ESO’s Very Large Telescope suggest that such massive star-forming disc galaxies in the early Universe were less influenced by dark matter (shown in red), as it was less concentrated. As a result the outer parts of distant galaxies rotate more slowly than comparable regions of galaxies in the local Universe. Credit: ESO/L. Calçada

Observations of distant galaxies suggest they were dominated by normal matter. The presence of dark matter can explain why the outer parts of nearby spiral galaxies rotate more quickly than would be expected if only the normal matter that we can see directly were present...

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Theory that Challenges Einstein’s Physics could soon be put to the Test

Theory that challenges Einstein's physics could soon be put to the test

Scientists behind a theory that the speed of light is variable – and not constant as Einstein suggested – have made a prediction that could be tested.

Scientists behind a theory that the speed of light is variable – and not constant as Einstein suggested – have made a prediction that could be tested. Einstein observed that the speed of light remains the same in any situation, and this meant that space and time could be different in different situations.The assumption that the speed of light is constant, and always has been, underpins many theories in physics, such as Einstein’s theory of general relativity. In particular, it plays a role in models of what happened in the very early universe, seconds after the Big Bang.

But some researchers have suggested that the speed of light could have ...

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Peering back in time to just after the Big Bang: Farthest Galaxy ever detected EGS8p7

Galaxy EGS8p7 as seen from space telescopes.

Galaxy EGS8p7, as seen from the Hubble Space Telescope (wide and top right) and Spitzer Space Telescope (inset, bottom right), taken in infrared. Credit: I. Labbé (Leiden University), NASA/ESA/JPL-Caltech – See more at: http://www.caltech.edu/news/farthest-galaxy-detected-47761#sthash.HzTzLROU.dpuf

Researchers have reported the detection of the farthest object yet, galaxy EGS8p7. At >13.2 billion years old, it provides a fascinating glimpse of the very early universe, just 600,000 years after the Big Bang.

Earlier this year, EGS8p7 had been identified as a candidate for investigation based on Hubble and Spitzer data. Using the multi-object spectrometer for infrared exploration (MOSFIRE) at the W.M...

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