Sections of amnion with hematoxylin and eosin stains demonstrating meconium-related findings (original magnification ×40). (A) Normal amniotic epithelium (e); (B) vacuolated amniotic epithelial cells with pale vacuoles (v) and meconium-laden macrophages (m) below the basement membrane; (C) proliferation (p) of amniotic epithelial cells, demonstrated by numerous dark nuclei.
In the US, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is the most common preventable cause of developmental delay. Animal studies have shown some of the adverse effects of PAE on placental development, but few studies have examined these effects in humans. This is the first study to examine the effects of prenatal exposure to methamphetamine, marijuana, and cigarette smoking on human placental development.
Researchers collected p...
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