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    neurodenerative disease tagged posts

    Parkinson’s Disease may Start in the Gut

    April 29, 2020, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical

    Researchers have mapped out the cell types behind various brain disorders. Image: Getty Images

    Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden and the University of North Carolina in the USA have mapped out the cell types behind various brain disorders. The findings are published in Nature Genetics and offer a roadmap for the development of new therapies to target neurological and psychiatric disorders. One interesting finding was that cells from the gut’s nervous system are involved in Parkinson’s disease, indicating that the disease may start there.

    The nervous system is composed of hundreds of different cell types with very different functions...

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    Combating Iron in the Brain: Researchers find anti-aging micromolecule

    February 14, 2017, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical

    1. Schematic model of miR-29 action in brain aging. During aging an accumulation of iron in neurons occurs. This induces expression of miR-29 that in turn represses expression of IRP-2 thereby limiting iron uptake. This mechanism counteracts aging-related damages. MiR-29 may also counteract effects aging-related phenotypes by additional mechanisms, for example modulation of pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family members 2. MiR-29 is up-regulated with age in neurons. a Genomic organization of miR-29 family in N. furzeri. Three different clusters were isolated (pri-mir-29 1, 2, 3) encoding four different mature members miR-29a, b, d, e. In red, seed sequence is reported, single nucleotide differences in blue. b Age-dependent expression of miR-29 primary transcripts (Pri-miR-29-1, 2, 3) in the brain of N. furzeri. The relative expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR, data were normalized on TATA binding protein (TBP), pri-miR-29-2 results much more expressed than the other clusters and shows a clear age-dependent up-regulation (1 way ANOVA with post-test for trend: R = 0.5285 P < 0.0001, n = 4 animals for age group). c Correlation of miR-29 with its predicted targets. Blue bars show the distribution of Pearson’s correlation coefficients between miR-29a and its predicted target. Light-blue bars show the distribution of correlation values extracted from a bootstrap (P = 10–14, Kolmogorov–Smirnoff). d, e Pri-miR-29-2 expression pattern in N. furzeri brain. d Pri-miR-29-2 signal (red) and HuC/D expression (green) in the optic tectum (TeO). Pri-miR-29-2 shows a nuclear staining and a co-localization with neuronal marker HuC/D along the periventricular gray zone (PGZ), white arrows show neurons in the optic tectum (TeO) negative for pri-miR-29-2. Scale bar = 50 μm. Cerebellum overview picture (e) shows a clear and strong expression of pri-miR-29-2 just in the granular cell layer (GCL), it is instead absent in the Purkinje cell (white arrow) and molecular layer (ML). Scale bar 100 μm

    1. Schematic model of miR-29 action in brain aging. During aging an accumulation of iron in neurons occurs. This induces expression of miR-29 that in turn represses expression of IRP-2 thereby limiting iron uptake. This mechanism counteracts aging-related damages. MiR-29 may also counteract effects aging-related phenotypes by additional mechanisms, for example modulation of pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family members
    2. MiR-29 is up-regulated with age in neurons. a Genomic organization of miR-29 family in N. furzeri.

    The older we get, our brain ages. Cognitive abilities decline and the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases like dementia, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease or having a stroke steadily increases...

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