PTSD tagged posts

Decoding the neural basis of affective empathy: How the brain feels others’ pain

[그림1] 통증과 가려움 유발 자극에 의해 활성화된 뉴런의 시각화
Experimental setup for observational fear testing and calcium imaging in observer mice. The observer mouse witnesses the demonstrator mouse receiving electric shocks, enabling the assessment of observational fear. During the experiment, miniature endoscopic calcium imaging is used to monitor neuronal activity in the observer’s anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Green-labeled neurons indicate cells expressing calcium indicators (GCamp6f), while white-labeled neurons represent activated cells observed through calcium imaging (Raw). The observed behaviors in the observational fear experiment include observer freezing (OB-freezing; pink), demonstrator pain response (DM-reaction; blue), and demonstrator freezing (DM-freezing; yellow)...
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Scientists discover brain mechanism that helps overcome fear

Brain slice showing projections in yellow, pink and blue
Coronal brain slice showing projections from different visual areas in the cerebral cortex to the ventrolateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN). These pathways are part of the circuit identified as mediating the suppression of instinctive fear responses.

Researchers at the Sainsbury Wellcome Center (SWC) at UCL have unveiled the precise brain mechanisms that enable animals to overcome instinctive fears. Published in Science, the study in mice could have implications for developing therapeutics for fear-related disorders such as phobias, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

The research team, led by Dr. Sara Mederos and Professor Sonja Hofer, mapped out how the brain learns to suppress responses to perceived threats that prove harmless over time.

“Humans are born with inst...

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How Stress Changes our Memories: Engrams and the Endocannabinoid system may inform new PTSD treatments

memory
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain

Researchers at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) have uncovered that stress changes how our brain encodes and retrieves aversive memories, and discovered a promising new way to restore appropriate memory specificity in people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

If you stumble during a presentation, you might feel stressed the next time you have to present because your brain associates your next presentation with that one poor and aversive experience. This type of stress is tied to one memory.

But stress from traumatic events like violence or generalized anxiety disorder can spread far beyond the original event, known as stress-induced aversive memory generalization, where fireworks or car backfires can trigger seemingly unrelated ...

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Neurobiologists Uncover how Stress turns into Fear in the Brain in Conditions such as PTSD

Our nervous systems are naturally wired to sense fear. Whether prompted by the eerie noises we hear alone in the dark or the approaching growl of a threatening animal, our fear response is a survival mechanism that tells us to remain alert and avoid dangerous situations.Read More