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    TH17 cells tagged posts

    How Sugar Promotes Inflammation

    March 23, 2022, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical

    Expression of GLUT3 on activated T cells. GLUT3 (green) is localised on the cell surface, the mitochondria (violet) and the nucleus (blue) were also shown. Photo: AG Väth (Image: AG Väth)

    People who consume sugar and other carbohydrates in excess over a long period of time have an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disease. In affected patients, the immune system attacks the body’s own tissue and the consequences are, for example, chronic inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, type 1 diabetes and chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland.

    New targets for therapy

    The underlying molecular mechanisms that promote autoimmune diseases are multilayered and complex...

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    Fat-Dissolving Bile Acids may help regulate Gut Immunity and Inflammation

    January 7, 2020, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical

    fat cells in stomach
    The acids that break down fat in our intestines may also play a role in gut immunity and inflammation
    Image: Ugreen/iStock / Getty Images Plus

    Could bile acids—the fat-dissolving juices churned out by the liver and gallbladder—also play a role in immunity and inflammation? The answer appears to be yes, according to two separate Harvard Medical School studies published in Nature.

    The findings of the two studies, both conducted in mice, show that bile acids promote the differentiation and activity of several types of T cells involved in regulating inflammation and linked to intestinal inflammatory conditions. They also reveal that gut microbes are critical for converting bile acids into immune-signaling molecules.

    The work suggests possible therapeutic pathways for modulating ...

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    Bacteria links Crohn’s Disease to Arthritis

    February 9, 2017, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical

    Crohn's disease bacteria drives arthritis. E. coli bacteria (red), which are abundant in the immunoglobulin-A-coated microbiota of patients with a Crohn's disease-associated condition called spondyloarthritis, promote systemic inflammation. The blue circular structures depict the nuclei of cells called epithelial cells. All images: Dr. Kenneth Simpson, Cornell University.

    Crohn’s disease bacteria drives arthritis. E. coli bacteria (red), which are abundant in the immunoglobulin-A-coated microbiota of patients with a Crohn’s disease-associated condition called spondyloarthritis, promote systemic inflammation. The blue circular structures depict the nuclei of cells called epithelial cells. All images: Dr. Kenneth Simpson, Cornell University.

    Patients with Crohn’s disease, a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes abdominal pain and diarrhea, can also experience joint pain. In Crohn’s disease, which affects about 800,000 Americans, the immune system can attack not only the bowels, but the musculoskeletal system as well, leading to spondyloarthritis, a painful condition that affects the spine and joints. Now new research, published Feb...

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    How Loss of Bacterial Symbionts Promotes Development of Allergies & acts on Immune System Balance

    July 13, 2015, Categories  Biology/Biotechnology, Health/Medical


      
    The presence of microbes specifically blocks the immune cells responsible for triggering allergies. It is well known the microbiota is involved in many mechanisms, including digestion, vitamin synthesis and host defense.The hygiene hypothesis suggests a link between a decline in infectious diseases and increase in allergic diseases in industrialized countries. Improvements in hygiene levels lead to reduced contact with microbes that is paralleled by an increased incidence in allergic and autoimmune diseases, eg type 1 diabetes.

    Epidemiological studies have substantiated this hypothesis, by showing children living with farm animals – and thus with more microbial agents – develop fewer allergies during their lifetime...

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