A wearable haptic force-feedback ring with a three-axis force-sensing skin. A) We developed a wearable haptic ring, OriRing, which weighs only 18 g and generates forces of up to 6.5 N. The design incorporates a folding-based prismatic joint, a three-axis force-sensing skin, inkjet-printed bending sensors, SPAs and 3D printed ring frames. B) Force-sensing skin consists of an upper layer with soft pyramid microstructures, a lower layer with four resistive pixels and a spacer separating the two layers. This design enables the detection of both normal and shear forces. C) With its multimodal sensing and actuation capabilities, OriRing renders the size and stiffness of virtual objects through kinaesthetic and proprioceptive feedback...Read More
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