Category Astronomy/Space

Asteroids are Stronger, Harder to Destroy than previously thought

This is a frame-by-frame showing how gravity causes asteroid fragments to reaccumulate in the hours following impact.
Credit: Charles El Mir/Johns Hopkins University

A popular theme in the movies is that of an incoming asteroid that could extinguish life on the planet, and our heroes are launched into space to blow it up. But incoming asteroids may be harder to break than scientists previously thought, finds a Johns Hopkins study that used a new understanding of rock fracture and a new computer modeling method to simulate asteroid collisions.

The findings, to be published in the March 15 print issue of Icarus, can aid in the creation of asteroid impact and deflection strategies, increase understanding of solar system formation and help design asteroid mining efforts.

“We used to believ...

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The Case of the Over-Tilting Exoplanets

Yale researchers have discovered a surprising link between the tilting of exoplanets and their orbit in space. The discovery may help explain a long-standing puzzle about exoplanetary orbital architectures.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech, Sarah Millholland

For almost a decade, astronomers have tried to explain why so many pairs of planets outside our solar system have an odd configuration – their orbits seem to have been pushed apart by a powerful unknown mechanism. Yale researchers say they’ve found a possible answer, and it implies that the planets’ poles are majorly tilted.

The finding could have a big impact on how researchers estimate the structure, climate, and habitability of exoplanets as they try to identify planets that are similar to Earth...

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Crater counts on Pluto, Charon show small Kuiper Belt objects surprisingly rare

An SwRI-led team studied the craters and geology on Pluto and Charon and found there were fewer small craters than expected. This implies that the Kuiper Belt contains relatively small numbers of objects less than 1 mile in diameter. Imaged by New Horizon’s LORRI camera, the smooth, geologically stable ‘Vulcan Planitia’ on Charon illustrates these findings.
Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/LORRI/SwRI

Using New Horizons data from the Pluto-Charon flyby in 2015, a Southwest Research Institute-led team of scientists have indirectly discovered a distinct and surprising lack of very small objects in the Kuiper Belt...

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Exiled Planet Linked to Stellar Flyby 3 million years ago

The HD 106906 binary star hosts a mysterious, asymmetric disk of cometary dust and a giant exoplanet HD 106906 b that is located very far from both the binary and the disk. Close flybys by other stars could have gravitationally perturbed the planet and researchers discovered that the two bright stars to the upper right passed near HD 106906 roughly 3 Myr years ago.
Credit: Paul Kalas, UC Berkeley

Two binary star systems narrowly missed one another, but left behind a smoking gun. Paul Kalas of UC Berkeley was puzzled by the tilted but stable orbit of a planet around a binary star – an orbit like that of our solar system’s proposed Planet Nine. He calculated backwards in time to see if any of the 461 nearby stars ever came close enough to perturb the system. One star fit the bill...

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