Category Biology/Biotechnology

New Discoveries Predict Ability to Forecast Dementia from Single Molecule


A single tau monomer encodes different assembly conformations that each leads to distinct patterns of pathology.
Credit: UT Southwestern

Scientists who recently identified the molecular start of Alzheimer’s disease have used that finding to determine that it should be possible to forecast which type of dementia will develop over time – a form of personalized medicine for neurodegenerative diseases.

A new study from UT Southwestern shows that single toxic tau proteins that stick together and spread degeneration across the brains of dementia patients have different shapes. The folds of these molecules hold information that could help diagnose – and perhaps one day treat – neurodegeneration in its earliest stages.

The finding comes from a team of scientists appointed this month to a newly c...

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Tiny Droplets of Early Universe Matter Created


Visualization of expanding drops of quark gluon plasmas in three geometric shapes.
Credit: Javier Orjuela Koop

Researchers have created tiny droplets of the ultra-hot matter that once filled the early universe, forming three distinct shapes and siztiny droplets of the ultra-hot matter that once filled the early universees: circles, ellipses and triangles.

The study, published today in Nature Physics, stems from the work of an international team of scientists and focuses on a liquid-like state of matter called a quark gluon plasma. Physicists believe that this matter filled the entire universe during the first few microseconds after the Big Bang when the universe was still too hot for particles to come together to make atoms.

CU Boulder Professor Jamie Nagle and colleagues on an ex...

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Regrowing Damaged Nerves Hinges on Shutting Down Key Genes


Mouse neurons are shown with the cell bodies in the center and long tendrils radiating outward. Valeria Cavalli, PhD, of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, used such neurons to study how cells regrow after injury. Her findings could one day lead to better treatments for spinal cord injury.

Injured neurons temporarily revert to immature state. Neurons in the brain and spinal cord don’t grow back after injury, unlike those in the rest of the body. Cut your finger, and you’ll probably be back to using it in days or weeks; slice through your spinal cord, and you likely will never walk again.

Now, working in mice, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St...

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What’s behind Mediterranean Diet and Lower Cardiovascular Risk?

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Assessment of Risk Factors and Biomarkers Associated With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Women Consuming a Mediterranean DietJAMA Network Open, 2018; 1 (8): e185708 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.5708

Investigators identify, assess underlying mechanisms that may explain diet’s 25% reduction in cardiovascular risk for American women. A new study by investigators from Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health offers insights from a cohort study of women in the U.S. who reported consuming a Mediterranean-type diet. Researchers found a 25 percent reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease among study participants who consumed a diet rich in plants and olive oil and low in meats and sweets...

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