Category Health/Medical

A three-drug nanoscale drug delivery system designed for preferential lymphatic uptake for the treatment of metastatic melanoma

A new 3-drug delivery system for cancer treatment, especially metastatic melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer, has been developed by researchers. The work has demonstrated that the system may have particular value with cancers like this that often spread through the lymphatic system. It may offer a novel therapeutic option for more effective cancer treatment.

The new technology takes advantage of nanoparticles that can migrate to, and increase the effectiveness of an attack on cancer cells in the body’s lymph nodes. This can also reduce the development of drug resistance and the broader toxicity often associated with this type of chemotherapy.

“Melanoma has...

Two brain slices show different memory traits. Credit: Rotman Research Institute

Tendency to remember episodic details vs facts is reflected in intrinsic brain patterns. Why is it that some people have richly detailed recollection of past experiences (episodic memory), while others tend to remember just the facts without details (semantic memory)?

A research team from the Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest Health Sciences has shown for the first time that these different ways of experiencing the past are associated with distinct brain connectivity patterns that may be inherent to the individual and suggest a life-long ‘memory trait’.

“For decades, nearly all research on memory and brain function has treated people as the same, averaging across individuals,” said lead investigator Dr...

DM1 is the most common form of adult-onset muscular dystrophy. “This finding opens a new avenue for a therapeutic strategy for this disease,” said Prof. Andrew Berglund, Ph.D. “This is the first evidence that specifically inhibiting transcription can be effective in knocking down the toxic material that causes the disease.”

In myotonic dystrophy and other related neurological disorders, the symptoms stem from repeated individual nucleotides in the RNA in muscle tissue cells that can build up over time. These repeats, called CTG expansions in myotonic dystrophy type 1, become “toxic” when transcribed from DNA...

Testing for antibodies that target citrullinated tenascin-C (cTNC) could diagnose RA in around 50% of cases, including some cases not identified by current best tests. It also has a very low rate of false positives – 98% accurate at ruling out RA.

When inflammation occurs in the body, some proteins are altered in a process called citrullination. These altered forms can cause an autoimmune attack and RA. For that reason, tests that spot antibodies to citrullinated proteins are already used to diagnose the disease. While tests for individual proteins usually have a relatively low diagnostic sensitivity, a more general test called CCP, that detects synthetic citrullinated peptides, identifies a lot more RA cases.

Dr Anja Schwenzer said: ‘We knew that tenascin-C is found at high levels in the...