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The Number of Ancient Martian Lakes might have been Dramatically Underestimated by scientists

The number of ancient Martian lakes might have been dramatically underestimated by scientists
Figure 1: An example of a large, impact crater-hosted lake on Mars (a) and a small, permafrost-hosted lake on Mars. Both images show elevation data from the MOLA (Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter)  and HRSC(High Resolution Stereo Camera)   instruments draped onto images from THEMIS (a) and CTX (b). Credit: ESA/JPL/NASA/ASU/MSSS

Lakes are bodies of water fed by rainfall, snowmelt, rivers and groundwater, through which, Earth is teeming with life. Lakes also contain critical geologic records of past climates. Though Mars is a frozen desert today, scientists have shown that Mars contains evidence of ancient lakes that existed billions of years ago, which could contain evidence for ancient life and climate conditions on the red planet...

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The Blood Stem Cell Research that could Change Medicine of the Future

Tubes filled with coloured liquid join a microfluid device set in perspex
The microfluidic device that emulated an embryo’s heartbeat and blood circulation. The cell seeding channels are filled with red food dye, while the heart ventricular contraction control channels and circulation valve control channels are filled with blue and green food dye respectively. Photo: UNSW/Jingjing Li

Making stem cells from a patient’s adult cells — rather than human embryos — is one of the holy grails in modern medicine treatments. New research brings us two steps closer.

Biomedical engineers and medical researchers at UNSW Sydney have independently made discoveries about embryonic blood stem cell creation that could one day eliminate the need for blood stem cell donors.

The achievements are part of a move in regenerative medicine towards the use of ‘induced pluripoten...

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The Paired Perils of Breast Cancer and Diabetes

A breast cancer cell captured in the process of division, with tubulin (a structural protein) in red; mitochondria in green; and chromosomes in blue. Photo credit: Wei Qian\National Cancer Institute

Researchers have discovered a mechanism linking breast cancer and diabetes, each of which promotes development and growth of the other. Breast cancer and type 2 diabetes would seem to be distinctly different diseases, with commonality only in their commonality. Breast cancer is the second most diagnosed malignancy after some types of skin cancer; approximately 1 in eight U.S. women will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of their lifetime. More than 10 percent of the U.S...

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Clearance of Protein Linked to Alzheimer’s controlled by Circadian Cycle

Ability of immune system to destroy Alzheimer’s-related protein oscillates with daily circadian rhythm. The brain’s ability to clear a protein closely linked to Alzheimer’s disease is tied to our circadian cycle, according to research published today in PLOS Genetics. The research underscores the importance of healthy sleep habits in preventing the protein Amyloid-Beta 42 (AB42) from forming clumps in the brain, and opens a path to potential Alzheimer’s therapies.

“Circadian regulation of immune cells plays a role in the intricate relationship between the circadian clock and Alzheimer’s disease,” said Jennifer Hurley, an expert in circadian rhythms, and associate professor of biological science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute...

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