Earth Recycles Ocean Floor into Diamonds

Melting of sediments in the deep mantle produces saline fluid inclusions in diamondsScience Advances, 2019; 5 (5): eaau2620 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau2620

The diamond on your finger is most likely made of recycled seabed cooked deep in the Earth. Traces of salt trapped in many diamonds show the stones are formed from ancient seabeds that became buried deep beneath the Earth’s crust, according to new research led by Macquarie University geoscientists in Sydney, Australia.

Most diamonds found at the Earth’s surface are formed this way; others are created by crystallization of melts deep in the mantle.

In experiments recreating the extreme pressures and temperatures found 200 kilometres underground, Dr Michael Förster, Professor Stephen Foley, Dr Olivier Alard, and colleagues at Go...

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Astronomers find ‘Forbidden’ planet in ‘Neptunian Desert’ around its star

Exoplanet illustration (stock image).
Credit: © marcel / Adobe Stock

An exoplanet smaller than Neptune with its own atmosphere has been discovered in the Neptunian Desert around its star by an international collaboration of astronomers, with the University of Warwick taking a leading role.

The rogue planet was identified in the new research, led by Dr Richard West including Professor Peter Wheatley, Dr Daniel Bayliss and Dr James McCormac from the Astronomy and Astrophysics Group at the University of Warwick.

NGTS is situated at the European Southern Observatory’s Paranal Observatory in the heart of the Atacama Desert, Chile...

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Circadian Clocks: Body parts respond to day and night Independently from Brain, studies show

UCI research helps shed new light on circadian clocks
The future implications of our findings are vast,” says Paolo Sassone-Corsi, senior author of one of the two studies on circadian clocks published today in the journal Cell. He directs UCI’s Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism and is a Donald Bren Professor of Biological Chemistry. Penny Lee / UCI School of Medicine

Can your liver sense when you’re staring at a television screen or cellphone late at night? Apparently so, and when such activity is detected, the organ can throw your circadian rhythms out of whack, leaving you more susceptible to health problems.

That’s one of the takeaways from two new studies by University of California, Irvine scientists working in collaboration with the Institute for Research in Biomedicine in Barcelona, Spain.

The studies, published tod...

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Beyond 1 and 0: Engineers boost Potential for Creating Successor to Shrinking Transistors

The image on the left shows two forms of zinc oxide combined to form a composite nanolayer in a new type of transistor: Zinc oxide crystals (inside the red circles) are embedded in amorphous zinc oxide. The image on the right is a computer model of the structure that shows electron density distribution.

Scientists offer a solution to the fast-approaching physical minimum for transistor size: a multi-value logic transistor based on zinc oxide, capable of two stable intermediate states between 0 and 1. Computers and similar electronic devices have gotten faster and smaller over the decades as computer-chip makers have learned how to shrink individual transistors, the tiny electrical switches that convey digital information.

Scientists’ pursuit of the smallest possible transistor has...

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