These images show the orbital paths of electrons trapped within a circular region within graphene. In the classical orbit (top image), an electron that travels in a complete circuit has the same physical state as when it started on the path. However, when an applied magnetic field reaches a critical value, (bottom image), an electron completing a circuit has a different physical state its original one. The change is called a Berry phase, and the magnetic field acts as a switch to turn the Berry phase on. The result is that the electron is raised to a higher energy level.
Credit: Christopher Gutiérrez, Daniel Walkup/NIST

1. This image combines an image taken with Hubble Space Telescope in the optical (taken in spring 2014) and observations of its auroras in the ultraviolet, taken in 2016. Credit: NASA, ESA and J. Nichols (University of Leicester)
2. Juno spacecraft
3. Jupiter’s poles are covered in cyclones, some as big as the Earth

1. The SwRI-led Juno mission discovered that Jupiter’s signature bands disappear near its poles. This JunoCam image, processed by citizen scientist Bruce Lemons, show a chaotic scene of swirling storms up to the size of Mars against a bluish backdrop.
Credit Line: Image Courtesy of NASA/SwRI
2. The SwRI-led UVS spectrograph images Jupiter’s massive auroras. Collected during Juno’s third orbit around the gas giant, this false-color image is inset with an image of Earth’s south pole aurora, approximately to scale, collected September 11, 2005. The streaky colors away from the Jovian auroral region are associated with penetrating electrons.

Peptides derived from Ov-GRN-1 (orthologue of granulin) are leads for wound healing therapeutics, as they are likely less immunogenic than the full-length protein and more convenient to produce.