MC4R-dependent suppression of appetite by bone-derived lipocalin 2. Nature, 2017; DOI:

Scientists discover new mechanism that regulates food intake and blood sugar. Lipocalin 2 turns on neurons in the brain that have been previously linked to appetite suppression. The findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism for regulating the body’s energy balance and could lead to new targeted therapies for the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other metabolic disorders.

“In recent years, studies at CUMC and elsewhere have shown that bone is an endocrine organ and produces hormones that affect brain development, glucose balance, kidney function, and male fertility,” says Stavroula Kousteni, PhD, associate professor of physiology and cellular biophysics (in medicine) at CUMC...

Well-Defined Nanographene–Rhenium Complex as an Efficient Electrocatalyst and Photocatalyst for Selective CO2 Reduction

An international team has achieved a new milestone in the quest to recycle CO2 in Earth’s atmosphere into carbon-neutral fuels and others materials. The chemists have engineered a molecule that uses light or electricity to convert the greenhouse gas CO2 into CO more efficiently than any other method of “carbon reduction.” “If you can create an efficient enough molecule for this reaction, it will produce energy that is free and storable in the form of fuels,” said Li, associate professor in the IU Bloomington College of Arts and Sciences’ Department of Chemistry.

Burning fuel – such as carbon monoxide – produces carbon dioxide and releases energy...

(A) An image of the nanobiodevice (left), an SEM image of the hybrid structure of nanopillars and nanoslits (middle), and the magnified SEM image (right). (B) Schematic of the hybrid structure of nanopillars and nanoslits around the cross injector. (C) Diagram showing the scheme of sample injection. Figure panels C-a to C-e are arranged by time in ascending order. Sample of nucleic acids and direction of electrophoretic migration are depicted in green diagonal and blue arrows, respectively. Suggested dominant mechanisms for each process are shown at the bottom.

A nanobiodevice that can quickly and effectively separate microRNA from mixtures of nucleic acids has been developed...

This artist’s impression shows what the very distant young galaxy A2744_YD4 might look like. Observations using ALMA have shown that this galaxy, seen when the Universe was just 4 percent of its current age, is rich in dust. Such dust was produced by an earlier generation of stars and these observations provide insights into the birth and explosive deaths of the very first stars in the Universe. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser

Astronomers have used ALMA to detect a huge mass of glowing stardust in a galaxy seen when the Universe was only 4% of its present age. This galaxy was observed shortly after its formation and is the most distant galaxy in which dust has been detected. This observation is also the most distant detection of oxygen in the Universe...