(a–c) Dose response effects on the median lifespan of select C. briggsae strains after treatment with chemicals that exhibited strong positive effects on the C. elegans strains. Dosing was performed only on strains that failed to respond positively in the initial tests (single dose experiments), as we did not attempt to identify peak responses, instead we only sought to identify whether positive effects could be obtained by altering doses. Chemical doses were chosen to center around the effective dose identified for C. elegans strains and were sometimes expanded after preliminary rounds of testing. ThT exhibited a positive effect on strain JU1348 at 25 μM, but was profoundly toxic to all strains at and above 100 μM

1. photograph of large clonal colonies of cochlear progenitor cells formed from single cells and converted into high purity colonies hair cells (magenta) with intricate hair bundles (cyan). Credit: Will McLean, Ph.D.  2. Newly formed cochlear hair cells contain intricate hair bundles with many stereocilia (critical for sensing sound) and other components that are critical for proper function and neural transmission. (Credit: Will McLean)

We report the exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions under high shear rate [∼ 108 s–1] turbulent flow conditions, with a 100% exfoliation yield. The material is stabilized without centrifugation at concentrations up to 100 g/L using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt to formulate conductive printable inks. The sheet resistance of blade coated films is below ∼2Ω/□. This is a simple and scalable production route for conductive inks for large-area printing in flexible electronics.

EC gate control of DNA conductance.