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    4-stroke Engine Cycle produces Hydrogen from Methane, captures CO2

    February 17, 2017, Categories  Physics, Technology/Electronics, Chemistry/Nanotechnology

    Schematic shows the components of a CHAMP cylinder-piston assembly used to create hydrogen from methane and steam via variable volume catalytic reaction. The process also concentrates carbon dioxide emissions from the process. (Credit: David Anderson, Georgia Tech) DOW

    Schematic shows the components of a CHAMP cylinder-piston assembly used to create hydrogen from methane and steam via variable volume catalytic reaction. The process also concentrates carbon dioxide emissions from the process. (Credit: David Anderson, Georgia Tech) DOW

    When is an internal combustion engine not an internal combustion engine? When it’s been transformed into a modular reforming reactor that could make hydrogen available to power fuel cells wherever there’s a natural gas supply available...

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    Radial Acceleration relation found in all common types of Galaxies

    February 17, 2017, Categories  Astronomy/Space

    a phot of the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4472

    The giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4472. Courtesy of David W. Hogg, Michael R. Blanton, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Collaboration.

    The distribution of normal matter precisely determines gravitational acceleration in all common types of galaxies, a team led by Case Western Reserve University researchers reports. The team has shown this radial acceleration relation exists in nearby high-mass elliptical and low-mass spheroidal galaxies, building on last year’s discovery of this relation in spiral and irregular galaxies.

    “This demonstrates that we truly have a universal law for galactic systems,” said Federico Lelli, formerly an astronomy postdoctoral fellow at Case Western Reserve University and currently a fellow at the European Southern Observatory...

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    Geology of Ceres illuminates origin of Organics

    February 17, 2017, Categories  Astronomy/Space

    SwRI scientists are studying the geology associated with the organic-rich areas on Ceres. Dawn spacecraft data show a region around the Ernutet crater where organic concentrations have been discovered (labeled "a" through "f"). The color coding shows the strength of the organics absorption band, with warmer colors indicating the highest concentrations. Credit: Image courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/ASI/INAF/MPS/DLR/IDA

    SwRI scientists are studying the geology associated with the organic-rich areas on Ceres. Dawn spacecraft data show a region around the Ernutet crater where organic concentrations have been discovered (labeled “a” through “f”). The color coding shows the strength of the organics absorption band, with warmer colors indicating the highest concentrations. Credit: Image courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/ASI/INAF/MPS/DLR/IDA

    Dawn spacecraft data suggest organic materials are native to the dwarf planet. NASA’s Dawn spacecraft recently detected organic-rich areas on Ceres. Scientists evaluated the geology of the regions to conclude that the organics are most likely native to the dwarf planet...

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    Biologists Control Gut Inflammation by Altering the Abundance of Resident bacteria

    February 16, 2017, Categories  Health/Medical, Biology/Biotechnology

    Proposed model of sox10 mutant intestinal pathology. sox10 mutants have altered intestinal motility and an increased bacterial load. Given the role of the ENS in intestinal function, sox10 mutants likely also experience alterations in epithelial secretion and permeability, although these phenotypes are yet to be examined. sox10 mutants can assemble a microbiota that mirrors WT intestinal microbiota (host population 2) or is dysbiotic (host population 1), characterized by an expansion of the Vibrio lineage and reduction of the Escherichia lineage. We do not yet know what determines which bacterial community assembles in sox10 mutants (dashed lines) but hypothesize that it could be due to the timing or order of exposure to bacterial strains, differences in epithelial permeability or secretion, or differences in other host compensatory mechanisms.

    Proposed model of sox10 mutant intestinal pathology. sox10 mutants have altered intestinal motility and an increased bacterial load. Given the role of the ENS in intestinal function, sox10 mutants likely also experience alterations in epithelial secretion and permeability, although these phenotypes are yet to be examined. sox10 mutants can assemble a microbiota that mirrors WT intestinal microbiota (host population 2) or is dysbiotic (host population 1), characterized by an expansion of the Vibrio lineage and reduction of the Escherichia lineage...

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