‘Thermometer’ Molecule confirmed on Exoplanet WASP31b

Hot Jupiter Exoplanet Art
Astronomers have confirmed the presence of chromium hydride in the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter WASP-31b using high-resolution spectral observations. This molecule, abundant only between 1,200-2,000 degrees Kelvin, has the potential to act as a “thermometer” for exoplanets.

Chromium hydride (CrH), a molecule that’s relatively rare and particularly sensitive to temperature, is useful as a “thermometer for stars,” according to astronomer Laura Flagg, because it’s abundant only in a narrow range between 1,200–2,000 degrees Kelvin.

Flagg, a research associate in astronomy in the College of Arts and Sciences (A&S), has used this and other metal hydrides to determine the temperature of cool stars and brown dwarfs...

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Myocardial Infarction, the number one cause of Sudden Death, may be treated by Modulating the Immune Response

Schematic illustration of treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury with the targeted delivery of ApoNV-DCs.
CREDIT: Korea Institute of Science and Technology

Reduced inflammation at the site of myocardial infarction and improved heart function demonstrated. Novel therapy to modulate immune response with apoptotic cell-derived nanovesicles.

Myocardial infarction, the number one cause of sudden death in adults and the number two cause of death in Korea, is a deadly disease with an initial mortality rate of 30%, and about 5%–10% of patients die even if they are transported to a medical center for treatment.

The number of myocardial infarction patients in Korea has been increasing steeply, from 99,647 in 2017 to 126,342 in 2021, an increase of 26.8% in five years...

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First Observations ever of the Outskirts of a Supermassive Black Hole’s Accretion Disk

An artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole with an accretion disk orbiting it. The annotations show a hypothetical double-peaked profile with arrows indicating where in the broad line region each peak originates. Credit: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Marenfeld
An artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole with an accretion disk orbiting it. The annotations show a hypothetical double-peaked profile with arrows indicating where in the broad line region each peak originates. Credit: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/P. Marenfeld

Nothing can evoke an existential perspective-spiral quite like looking at an image of a galaxy. At first glance, these sublime structures may appear rather serene. But in fact the center of many galaxies is a turbulent environment containing an actively feeding supermassive black hole.

Orbiting these incomprehensibly dense objects are swirling accretion disks of gas and dust, which feed the black hole and emit copious amounts of energy all along the electromagnetic spectrum—from high-energy gamma rays and X-rays, through visi...

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Study shows that Common Supplements may Reduce Natural Hearing Loss

Common supplements might reduce natural hearing loss
Prestin expression in OHCs from control, efavirenz, and efavirenz plus phytosterols-treated mice. Credit: Sodero AO et al., 2023, PLOS Biology, CC-BY 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Researchers report that age-related hearing loss is associated with a decrease of cholesterol in the inner ear.

Experiments published August 24 in the open access journal PLOS Biology show that phytosterols supplements were able to act in place of the lost cholesterol and prevent sensory dysfunction in mice.

Sensory cells in the inner ear called outer hair cells (OHCs) amplify sounds by changing their length. As we age, these cells lose their ability to stretch in response to sound, preventing sound amplification and leading to age-related hearing loss...

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