Artificial Intelligence Reduces a 100,000-equation Quantum Physics problem to only Four Equations

A visualization of a mathematical apparatus used to capture the physics and behavior of electrons moving on a lattice. Each pixel represents a single interaction between two electrons. Until now, accurately capturing the system required around 100,000 equations — one for each pixel. Using machine learning, scientists reduced the problem to just four equations. That means a similar visualization for the compressed version would need just four pixels. Domenico Di Sante/Flatiron Institute

Researchers trained a machine learning tool to capture the physics of electrons moving on a lattice using far fewer equations than would typically be required, all without sacrificing accuracy.

Using artificial intelligence, physicists have compressed a daunting quantum problem that until now requir...

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Synthetic Lava in Lab Aids Exoplanet Exploration

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In this illustration, exoplanet CoRoT-7b, which is likely five times the mass of Earth, may well be full of lava landscapes and boiling oceans. European Southern Observatory / L. Calçada

The exploration era for the new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is getting hot—volcanically hot.

A multidisciplinary group of Cornell researchers has modeled and synthesized lava in the laboratory as the kinds of rock that may form on far-away exoplanets. They developed 16 types of surface compositions as a starter catalog for finding volcanic worlds that feature fiery landscapes and oceans of magma.

Their research, “Volcanic Exoplanet Surfaces,” was published in the forthcoming November 2022 edition of Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

“We have synthesized compositions t...

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New study shows Transmission of Epigenetic Memory across Multiple Generations

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In a study of epigenetic inheritance, researchers created embryos of the worm C. elegans that inherited egg chromosomes properly packaged with the epigenetic mark H3K27me3 and sperm chromosomes lacking the mark. The one-cell embryo on the left inherited the pink chromosomes from the egg and the green chromosomes from the sperm, the colors showing the presence or absence of H3K27me3. The two-cell embryo on the right shows the egg and sperm chromosomes united in each nucleus. (Photo by Laura Gaydos)

Without altering the genetic code in the DNA, epigenetic modifications can change how genes are expressed, affecting an organism’s health and development...

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Reduced Power Consumption in Semiconductor Devices

A research team reduces power consumption by half in semiconductor devices by embedding platinum nanoparticles. The new technology extends memory by one million times and is applicable in next-generation low power devices.

Stepping stones are placed to help travelers to cross streams. As long as there are stepping stones that connect the both sides of the water, one can easily get across with just a few steps. Using the same principal, a research team at POSTECH has developed technology that cuts the power consumption in semiconductor devices in half by placing stepping stones.

A research team led by Professor Junwoo Son and Dr...

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