AI tagged posts

Modern imaging systems, such as those used in smartphones, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) devices, are constantly evolving to become more compact, efficient, and high-performing. Traditional optical systems rely on bulky glass lenses, which have limitations like chromatic aberrations, low efficiency at multiple wavelengths, and large physical sizes. These drawbacks present challenges when designing smaller, lighter systems that still produce high-quality images.

To overcome these issues, rese...

Two of the trickiest qualities to balance in the world of machine learning are fairness and accuracy. Algorithms optimized for accuracy may unintentionally perpetuate bias against specific groups, while those prioritizing fairness may compromise accuracy by misclassifying some data points.

With this challenge in mind, a team from CSAIL has taken the lead in devising a framework that enables a more nuanced approach to balancing these qualities.

Instead of forcing a binary decision in labeling all data points as “good” or “bad,” their framework uses their Reject Option Classification (ROC) algorithm which assigns a third category of “rejected samples,” allowing it to identify instances where the model might be less certain or where predictions could potentially le...

Researchers from the University of Bonn have trained an AI process to predict potential active ingredients with special properties. Therefore, they derived a chemical language model — a kind of ChatGPT for molecules. Following a training phase, the AI was able to exactly reproduce the chemical structures of compounds with known dual-target activity that may be particularly effective medications...

An estimated one in five Americans live with chronic pain and current treatment options leave much to be desired. Feixiong Cheng, Ph.D., Director of Cleveland Clinic’s Genome Center, and IBM are using artificial intelligence (AI) for drug discovery in advanced pain management. The team’s deep-learning framework identified multiple gut microbiome-derived metabolites and FDA-approved drugs that can be repurposed to select non-addictive, non-opioid options to treat chronic pain.

The findings, published in Cell Press, represent one of many ways the organizations’ Discovery Accelerator partnership is helping to advance research in healthcare and life sciences.

Treating chronic pain with opioids is still a challenge due to the risk of severe side eff...