With the help of the world’s most powerful supercomputer and new artificial intelligence techniques, an international team of researchers has theorized how the extreme conditions in stars produce carbon-12, which they describe as “a critical gateway to the birth of life.”
The researchers’ fundamental question: “How does the cosmos produce carbon-12?” said James Vary, a professor of physics and astronomy at Iowa State University and a longtime member of the research collaboration.
“It turns out it’s not easy to produce carbon-12,” Vary said.
It takes the extreme heat and pressures inside stars or in stell...
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