JWST tagged posts

By measuring gases around young stars, astronomers unlock major clues to planet formation

By measuring gases around young stars, astronomers unlock major clues to planet formation
1.3 mm (Left panels) and 12CO (2-1) moment zero images (Right panels) of the AGE-PRO sample. Credit: arXiv (2025). DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2506.10719

An international team of scientists led by astronomers from the University of Wisconsin–Madison has produced the most accurate measurement of the gases swirling around young stars and how their mass changes over time. The discovery joins many pieces of a puzzle that may reveal which kinds of planets form—rocky Earth-types, gas giants like Jupiter, or balls of ice in the Neptune mold—as star systems mature.

The researchers used an array of 66 massive radio telescopes, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, perched at 16,000 feet in the Chilean Andes Mountains, to study the disks of gas spinning in the gravity of each of 3...

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Largest map of the universe announced revealing 800,000 galaxies, challenging early cosmos theories

images of six galaxies taken with the James Webb Space Telescope
Photo Credit
M. Franco / C. Casey / COSMOS-Web collaboration
Six images of galaxies taken from nearly 800,000, from upper left to lower right: the present-day universe, and 3, 4, 8, 9 and 10 billion years ago

Largest map of the universe announced revealing 800,000 galaxies, challenging early cosmos theories

In the name of open science, the multinational scientific collaboration COSMOS on Thursday released the data behind the largest map of the universe. Called the COSMOS-Web field, the project, built with data collected by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), consists of all the imaging and a catalog of nearly 800,000 galaxies spanning nearly all of cosmic time. And it’s been challenging existing notions of the infant universe.

“Our goal was to construct this deep field of space ...

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JWST captures its first direct images of carbon dioxide outside solar system

HR 8799
The clearest look yet in the infrared at the iconic multi-planet system HR 8799. Colors are applied to filters from Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera). A star symbol marks the location of the host star HR 8799, whose light has been blocked by the coronagraph. In this image, the color blue is assigned to 4.1 micron light, green to 4.3 micron light, and red to the 4.6 micron light.
Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, W. Balmer (JHU), L. Pueyo (STScI), M. Perrin (STScI)

The James Webb Space Telescope has captured its first direct images of carbon dioxide in a planet outside the solar system in HR8799, a multiplanet system 130 light-years away that has long been a key target for planet formation studies.

The observations provide strong evidence that the system’s four giant planets ...

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Signs of alien life may be hiding in these gases

Hycean planet illustration
Artist’s illustration of a Hycean world, where methyl halide gases would be detectable in the atmosphere. (Pablo Carlos Budassi)

-Advancing the search for weird life on weird planets

Scientists have identified a promising new way to detect life on faraway planets, hinging on worlds that look nothing like Earth and gases rarely considered in the search for extraterrestrials.

In a new Astrophysical Journal Letters paper, researchers from the University of California, Riverside, describe these gases, which could be detected in the atmospheres of exoplanets – planets outside our solar system – with the James Webb Space Telescope, or JWST.

Called methyl halides, the gases comprise a methyl group, which bears a carbon and three hydrogen atoms, attached to a halogen atom such as chlo...

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