These are enormous discharges of subterranean water that dug out the biggest flood channels in the solar system over 3 billion years ago. For many years it was thought that these megafloods were caused by the release of a deep global hydrosphere in the Martian subsoil. However new resesarch has revealed that their origin could have been vast quantities of sediment and ice deposited 450 million years before the floods.
Sediments appear to have been carried by rivers and glaciers filled up enormous canyons below an ancient ocean located in the Northern Lowlands, and released water trapped in these buried sediments that caused the megafloods, whose effects we can observe in the present.
The canyons filled up, the ocean disappeared and the planet surface remained frozen for around 450 millio...
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