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Alternating Currents cause Jupiter’s Aurora

Magnetic field perturbations and electron observations
Magnetic field perturbations δBϕ (shown in white) and electron observations (JADE and JEDI) between 0.1 keV and 1 MeV obtained during PJ6 from 06:42 to 07:07 ut. a, Electron differential number flux (or intensity) as function of energy versus time summed over all JADE-E and JEDI look directions. JADE-E is the JADE sensor measuring energies from 0.1 keV to 100 keV. The black vertical arrows represent upward respectively downward currents in the regions separated by the vertical dashed lines based on the Birkeland current model on Fig. 3. b, Pitch angle versus time spectrogram summed over all JADE-E energies (0.1 keV to 100 keV). c, Pitch angle versus time spectrogram summed over all JEDI energies (30 keV to 1 MeV).
Magnetic field perturbations and electron observations.

An international research team has measured the system of currents that generates Jupiter’s aurora. The scientists found out that sulphur dioxide gas from the gas giant’s Moon Io is the cause of the system of currents. Using data transmitted to Earth by NASA’s Juno spacecraft, they showed that the direct currents were much weaker than expected and that alternating currents must therefore play a special role. On Earth, on the other hand, a direct current system creates its aurora. Jupiter’s electric current system is kept going in particular by large centrifugal forces, which hurl ionized sulfur dioxide gas from the gas giant’s moon Io through the magnetosphere.

Professor Dr Joachim Saur from the Institute of Geophysics and Me...

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