Category Astronomy/Space

Webb Telescope spots “impossible” atmosphere on ancient super-Earth

This artist’s concept shows what a thick atmosphere above a vast magma ocean on exoplanet TOI-561 b could look like. Measurements of light captured from the planet’s dayside by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope suggest that in spite of the intense radiation it receives from its star, TOI-561 b is not a bare rock. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Ralf Crawford (STScI)

A scorching “lava world” once thought barren may actually be wrapped in a thick, mysterious atmosphere. Astronomers have uncovered surprising evidence of a thick atmosphere surrounding TOI-561 b, a scorching, fast-orbiting rocky planet once thought too extreme to hold onto any gas...

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How young galaxies grew magnetic fields faster than expected

How young galaxies grew magnetic fields faster than expected
Lower panel shows a collapsing plasma cloud with uniform magnetic field (red). Top Right: Compression alone amplifies the field. Bottom Right: Collapse-driven turbulence accelerates dynamo amplification (also generating a horizontal component (blue)), producing magnetic fields stronger than compression alone. Credit: Pallavi Bhat, Anvar Shukurov, Muhammed Irshad and Kandaswamy Subramanian. NASA; SOFIA; HAWC+; A. S. Borlaff/NASA; JPL-Caltech; ESA; Hubble.

How fast can a galaxy build ordered magnetic fields spanning thousands of light-years? Existing theories say several billion years, but observations of galaxies in our universe imply shorter timescales...

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Physicists trace the sun’s magnetic engine, 200,000 kilometers below its surface

Above: Diagram of the Sun’s interior and outer atmosphere, showing the core, radiative and convection zones — separated by the tachocline — and surface features such as sunspots, flares, the chromosphere and corona. Credit: NASA

Every eleven years, the sun’s magnetic field flips. Sunspots—dark, cooler regions on the sun’s surface that mark intense magnetic activity and often trigger solar eruptions—appear at mid-latitudes and migrate toward the star’s equator in a butterfly-shape pattern before fading as the cycle resets. While this spectacle on the star’s surface has long been visible to astronomers, where this powerful cycle begins inside the star has remained hidden until now.

Researchers at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) have analyzed nearly three dec...

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Ryugu asteroid samples contain all DNA and RNA building blocks, bolstering origin-of-life theories

The black particles from an asteroid some 300 million kilometres away look unremarkable, but they hold components of life

All the essential ingredients to make the DNA and RNA underpinning life on Earth have been discovered in samples collected from the asteroid Ryugu, scientists said Monday.

The discovery comes after these building blocks of life were detected on another asteroid called Bennu, suggesting they are abundant throughout the solar system.

One longstanding theory is that life first began on Earth when asteroids carrying fundamental elements crashed into our planet long ago.

The asteroids that hurtle through our solar system give scientists a rare chance to study this possibility.

In 2014, the Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa-2 blasted off on a 300-million-kilometer (185-million-mile) mission to land on Ryugu, a 900-meter-wide (2,950-feet-wide) asteroid.

It successfully managed to c...

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