Category Astronomy/Space

Source of Largest ever Mars Quake Revealed

A spacecraft with a tripod structure on the surface of Mars, seen as an arid, desert-like landscape. The spacecraft has an arm-like probe that extends upwards, and two solar panels on either side, which stick out like wings.
An illustration of NASA’s InSight spacecraft with its instruments deployed on the Martian surface. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech.

A global team of scientists have announced the results of an unprecedented collaboration to search for the source of the largest ever seismic event recorded on Mars. The study, led by the University of Oxford, rules out a meteorite impact, suggesting instead that the quake was the result of enormous tectonic forces within Mars’ crust.

The quake, which had a magnitude of 4.7 and caused vibrations to reverberate through the planet for at least six hours, was recorded by NASA’s InSight lander on May 4 2022...

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Hypervelocity Impact Experiments Probe the Origin of Organics on the Dwarf Planet Ceres

Hypervelocity impact experiments probe the origin of organics on the dwarf planet Ceres
Side view of the ejecta curtain created during a hypervelocity impact experiment at the NASA Ames Vertical Gun Range. The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of impacts on Ceres’ organics. Credit: NASA / Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

One of the most exciting findings from NASA’s Dawn mission is that Ceres, the largest object in the asteroid belt that lies between Mars and Jupiter, hosts complex organics. The discovery of aliphatic molecules, which consist of carbon and hydrogen chains, in conjunction with evidence that Ceres has abundant water ice and may have been an ocean world, means this dwarf planet might have once harbored the main ingredients associated with life as we know it.

How the aliphatic organics originated on Ceres has been the ...

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Study reveals Violent Material Ejection Process of a Dying Massive Star

Study reveals violent material ejection process of a dying massive star
SN 2023ixf and its host galaxy. Credit: Yunnan Observatories

A research team led by Dr. Zhang Jujia from Yunnan Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof. Wang Xiaofeng from Tsinghua University has revealed the stellar mass violently ejected from a progenitor at the end of its life by observing the once-in-a-decade supernova SN 2023ixf. Such mass loss processes can provide essential information for understanding the final evolution of a massive star.

The study was published in Science Bulletin on Sept. 14.

Type II supernovae (SNe II) are the most common stellar explosions in the universe, for which the final stage of evolution of their hydrogen-rich massive progenitors towards core-collapse explosion is elusive...

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‘Starquakes’ could Explain Mystery Signals

Two scatter charts and two line graphs
Comparing FRBs and earthquakes. The researchers analyzed the time and energy distribution of FRB and earthquake events, and by plotting the aftershock likelihood as a function of time lag, they found that the two are very similar. ©2023 T. Totani & Y. Tsuzuki

Fast radio bursts from distant neutron stars resemble earthquakes rather than solar flares. Fast radio bursts, or FRBs, are an astronomical mystery, with their exact cause and origins still unconfirmed. These intense bursts of radio energy are invisible to the human eye, but show up brightly on radio telescopes. Previous studies have noted broad similarities between the energy distribution of repeat FRBs, and that of earthquakes and solar flares...

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