Category Astronomy/Space

Webb spies Chariklo Ring System with High-Precision Technique

Graphic titled “Centaur 10199 Chariklo: Surface Composition; NIRSpec PRISM.” The graphic shows a reflectance spectrum in the form of a graph of the Brightness of Light (relative reflectance) on the vertical y-axis versus Wavelength of Light in microns on the horizontal x-axis. The spectrum is plotted as a continuous jagged white line. The overall shape of the line is curvy, with broad peaks and valleys. Three prominent valleys are highlighted in blue and labeled “Water Ice, H2O.” In the background is a grayscale illustration of Chariklo and its rings, as seen from an oblique angle. For more details, see the Text Description PDF.
Webb captured a spectrum with its Near-infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) of the Chariklo system on Oct. 31, shortly after the occultation. This spectrum shows clear evidence for crystalline water ice, which was only hinted at by past ground-based observations. Image credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Leah Hustak (STScI). Science: Noemí Pinilla-Alonso (FSI/UCF), Ian Wong (STScI), Javier Licandro (IAC). Download the full-resolution version from the Space Telescope Science Institute.

In 2013, Felipe Braga-Ribas and collaborators, using ground-based telescopes, discovered that Chariklo hosts a system of two thin rings. Such rings had been expected only around large planets such as Jupiter and Neptune.

The astronomers had been watching a star as Chariklo passed in front of it, blocking the starlight...

Read More

Were Galaxies much Different in the Early Universe?

The HERA radio telescope consists of 350 dishes pointed upward to detect 21-centimeter emissions from the early universe. It is located in a radio-quiet region of the arid Karoo in South Africa. (Photo credit: Dara Storer, 2022)

Newest data from HERA improves search for cosmic dawn radiation, tests theories of galaxy formation. An array of 350 radio telescopes in the Karoo desert of South Africa is getting closer to detecting “cosmic dawn” – the era after the Big Bang when stars first ignited and galaxies began to bloom.

In a paper accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) team reports that it has doubled the sensitivity of the array, which was already the most sensitive radio telescope in the world dedicated to exploring ...

Read More

Asteroid Findings from Specks of Space Dust could Save the Planet

Image for Asteroid findings from specks of space dust could save the planet

Curtin University-led research into the durability and age of an ancient asteroid made of rocky rubble and dust, revealed significant findings that could contribute to potentially saving the planet if one ever hurtled toward Earth.

The international team studied three tiny dust particles collected from the surface of ancient 500-metre-long rubble pile asteroid, Itokawa, returned to Earth by the Japanese Space Agency’s Hayabusa 1 probe.

The study’s results showed asteroid Itokawa, which is 2 million kilometres from Earth and around the size of Sydney Harbour Bridge, was hard to destroy and resistant to collision.

Lead author Professor Fred Jourdan, Director of the Western Australian Argon Isotope Facility, part of the John de Laeter Centre and the School of Earth and Plane...

Read More

Darkest View Ever of Interstellar Ices

Telescope view of ices in interstellar clouds
Courtesy of NASA/ESA/CSA/M. Zamani (ESA/Webb)/M. K. McClure (Leiden Observatory)/F. Sun (Steward Observatory)/Z. Smith (Open University)/Ice Age ERS Team An international team, including Research Scientist Dr. Danna Qasim from Southwest Research Institute, used the James Webb Space Telescope to achieve the darkest and deepest view of ices in interstellar clouds.

An international team including Southwest Research Institute, Leiden University and NASA used observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to achieve the darkest ever view of a dense interstellar cloud...

Read More