Category Astronomy/Space

Mercury has Magnetic Storms

Image by NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington
Images from Messenger show previously uncharted regions of the planet that have large craters with an internal smoothness similar to Earth’s own moon and that are thought to have been flooded by lava flows.

An international team of scientists has proved that Mercury, our solar system’ssmallest planet, has geomagnetic storms similar to those on Earth.

The research by scientists in the United States, Canada and China includes work by Hui Zhang, a space physics professor at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute.

Their finding, a first, answers the question of whether other planets, including those outside our solar system, can have geomagnetic storms regardless of t...

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Researchers discover Source of Superfast Electron ‘Rain’

Electrons in a Van Allen radiation belt (blue) encounter whistler waves (purple) and are sent raining toward the north pole (red). THEMIS satellites are seen near the radiation belt, while UCLA’s ELFIN hovers above Earth. Zhang, et al., Nature Communications, 2022

The downpours, which can affect satellites and space travel, are caused by electromagnetic whistler waves, scientists say. UCLA scientists have discovered a new source of super-fast, energetic electrons raining down on Earth, a phenomenon that contributes to the colorful aurora borealis but also poses hazards to satellites, spacecraft and astronauts.

The researchers observed unexpected, rapid “electron precipitation” from low-Earth orbit using the ELFIN mission, a pair of tiny satellites built and operated on the UCLA ca...

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Mounds of Ice in Craters give New Insight into Mars’ Past Climate

Layered ice in Burroughs crater on Mars, with imagery from THEMIS (left) and HiRISE (right panels). The ice layers here record climate oscillations now linked precisely to changes in Mars’ orbit and tilt, according to a new study in the AGU journal Geophysical Research Letters.
Credit: Sori et al./Geophysical Research Letters

Honing the ways Mars’ orbit and orientation impacted climate over time can help scientists find periods of potential habitability. Newly discovered deposits of layered ice in craters scattered around Mars’ southern hemisphere provide insights into how the planet’s orientation controlled the planet’s climate over the past 4 million years, according to a new study...

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Scientists Achieve Record Efficiency for Ultra-Thin Solar Panels

Light scattering from a thin silicon membrane absorbing 65% of sunlight

A team co-led team by the University of Surrey has successfully increased the levels of energy absorbed by wafer-thin photovoltaic panels by 25%. Their solar panels, just one micrometre thick (1μm), convert light into electricity more efficiently than others as thin and pave the way to make it easier to general more clean, green energy.

In a paper published in the American Chemical Society’s Photonics journal, the team detail how they used characteristics of sunlight to design a disordered honeycomb layer which lies on top of a wafer of silicon. Their approach is echoed in nature in the design of butterfly wings and bird eyes...

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