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    Category Biology/Biotechnology

    Study shows that Adaptive Immune Responses can cause Cellular Loss in the Aging-Related Brain

    November 8, 2022, Categories  Health/Medical, Biology/Biotechnology

    Study shows that adaptive immune responses can cause cellular loss in the aging brain
    The cell type composition of scRNA-seq was analyzed and oligodendrocytes were separated into four different sub-clusters. Two previously unknown oligodendrocyte clusters appeared in aged mice, which were enriched in the white matter. One was associated with injury responses. Because this cluster was highly enriched in the aged white matter, it was named aging-related oligodendrocytes (Fig. 1b-c, e). Also a smaller interferon-responsive oligodendrocyte subpopulation (IRO) was characterized by the expression of genes commonly associated with an interferon response. Credit: Kaya et al.

    Past neuroscience studies have consistently demonstrated that the aging of the mammalian nervous system is liked with a decline in the volume and functioning of white matter, nerve fibers found in deep brai...

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    Brain Changes in Autism are far more sweeping than previously known, study finds

    November 4, 2022, Categories  Health/Medical, Biology/Biotechnology

    This shows a brain
    The new study finds brain-wide changes in virtually all of the 11 cortical regions analyzed, regardless of whether they are higher critical association regions – those involved in functions such as reasoning, language, social cognition and mental flexibility – or primary sensory regions. Image is in the public domain

    Brain changes in autism are comprehensive throughout the cerebral cortex rather than just particular areas thought to affect social behavior and language, according to a new UCLA-led study that significantly refines scientists’ understanding of how autism spectrum disorder (ASD) progresses at the molecular level.

    The study, published today in Nature, represents a comprehensive effort to characterize ASD at the molecular level...

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    Researchers studying new way to Heal Diabetic Wounds by Activating ‘Hidden’ Mechanism in the Body

    November 4, 2022, Categories  Health/Medical, Biology/Biotechnology

    Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine are looking for ways to heal wounds by using a healing protein that is active in fetuses, but largely inactive in adults and absent in diabetic adults.

    “We already know from previous studies at other institutions that if a fetus is wounded, it can regenerate the tissue, or repair it to be like new,” said Chandan K. Sen, PhD, associate vice president of military and applied research, the J. Stanley Battersby chair and distinguished professor of surgery and director of the Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering at Indiana University School of Medicine. “But after birth, such regenerative wound healing ability is lost. Healing in adults is relatively inefficient often associated with undesirable scar formation.”

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    Iron induces Chronic Heart Failure in Half of Heart Attack Survivors

    November 2, 2022, Categories  Health/Medical, Biology/Biotechnology

    figure 1
    An overarching model of how hemorrhagic infarction promotes chronic heart failure via fat deposition.

    A multi-institution study led by Rohan Dharmakumar, PhD, of Indiana University School of Medicine, has identified that iron drives the formation of fatty tissue in the heart and leads to chronic heart failure in about fifty percent of heart attack survivors. The discovery, recently published in Nature Communications, paves the way for treatments that have the potential to prevent heart failure in nearly half a million people a year in the United States, and many millions more worldwide.

    “For the first time, we have identified a root cause of chronic heart failure following a heart attack,” Dharmakumar said.

    Dharmakumar is executive director of IU’s Krannert Cardiovascular Researc...

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