MAGNESIUM OXIDE

~ also known as Magnesia; Oxomagnesium;1309-48-4; Periclase; Seawater magne; etc. is a white hygroscopic solid mineral, which naturally occurs as the mineral periclase, and it is a source of magnesium. The global magnesium oxide market was US$ 5,505 Mn at the end of 2016 and is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 4.1% between 2016 and 2026.

Chemical structure: It has an empirical formula of MgO and consists of a lattice of Mg²⁺ ions and O²⁻ ions. These ions are held together by ionic bonding.

Properties: Magnesium oxide is a hygroscopic fine white solid, frequently found as a powder. It is colorless, odorless, and has a boiling point of 6512° F at 760 mm Hg pressure. It is basically insoluble in water and ethanol, but soluble in ammonium salt solutions and acids.

PHOSPHORIC ACID

~ also known as Orthophosphoric Acid; O-Phosphoric acid; 7664-38-2; Phosphoric(V) Acid); Sonac; Phosphorsaeure; etc. is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing inorganic acid. The global phosphoric acid market during 2017 to 2022 is projected to exceed US$ 30,000 Mn by 2022 end, at a CAGR of 3.4%.

Chemical structure:  H₃PO₄ or H₃O₄P. It is a phosphorus-containing inorganic acid.

Properties: Phosphoric acid is a clear colorless liquid or clear crystalline solid. The pure solid melts at a temperature of 42.35°C. It has a density of 1.834 g/cm³. The liquid form is typically an 85% aqueous solution. It is shipped as both liquid and solid. It is corrosive to tissue and metals...

MALEIC ANHYDRIDE

~ also known as 2,5-Furandione; Maleic acid anhydride; Furan-2,5-dione; 108-31-6; Toxilic anhydride; etc. is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is prepared industrially on a large scale for use in coatings and polymers. The maleic anhydride market size is estimated to reach USD 5.08 Billion by the year 2020, at a CAGR of 6.8% between 2015 and 2020.

Chemical structure: It is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₂H₂(CO)₂O or C₄H₂O₃.

Properties: Maleic anhydride is a colorless or white crystal with a pungent smell. It melts at a temperature of 113°F. Its vapors, dusts, and fumes strongly irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Flashpoint is 218°F. Auto-ignition temperature is 890°F. It is soluble in water and ether and decomposes in hot solvent.

IODIC ACID

~ also known as 6U8J18JSBM; 7782-68-5; HIO3; UNII-6U8J18JSBM; etc. is a relatively strong acid.

Chemical structure: HIO_3. Iodic acid usually contains iodine in the oxidation state of +5. It is one of the very stable oxo-acids of the halogens.

Properties: Iodic acid is a strong acid with pK_a of 0.75. It oxidizes strongly in acidic solution but less so in basic solution. Under conditions of very low pH and high concentration of chloride, iodic acid is reduced to iodine trichloride.

I₂ + 6 H₂O + 5 Cl₂ ⇌ 2 HIO₃ + 10 HCl

Chemical reactions and Uses: When iodic acid is cautiously heated, it bec...