HYDRIODIC ACID

~ also known as Hydroiodic acid; 10034-85-2; Iodane; hydrogen iodide; Hydriotic acid; etc. is the second strongest hydrohalic acid, following hydroastatic acid. Hydriodic acid is a generally used chemical reagent. It is one of the strong acids that ionize totally in an aqueous solution.

Chemical structure: The chemical formula of hydroiodic acid is HI. It has a molar mass of 127.91 g/mol. the gaseous form is Hydrogen iodide, while hydroiodic acid is the aqueous form of HI. They can both be interchanged. The structure of HI, which is a simple diatomic molecule, is given below:

Properties: Hydrogen iodide is a colorless gas. It has a pungent smell that is soluble in water to give hydroiodic acid. Concentrated hydroiodic acid is generally 48 to 57% HI in water...

CALCIUM HYDROXIDE

~ also known as Hydrated lime; 1305-62-0; Slaked lime; Calcium dihydroxide; Calcium(II) hydroxide; etc. is an inorganic compound that has many industrial and medical uses. It has a lot of other names including builders’ lime, hydrated lime, cal, caustic lime, slack lime, or pickling lime. The global calcium hydroxide market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.81% for the period of 2017–2021.

Chemical structure: Ca(OH)₂ or CaH₂O₂. Calcium hydroxide adopts a polymeric structure, as do all metal hydroxides.

Properties: Calcium hydroxide is a white powder or colorless crystal. It is slightly soluble in water and glycerol, but insoluble in ethanol.

~Calcium hydroxide is commercially produced by treating lime with water:

CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)

~In the laborato...

CALCIUM CARBONATE

~ also known as Limestone; 471-34-1; Chalk; Calcite; Carbonic acid calcium salt (1:1); etc. is the carbonic salt of calcium. It is a common substance which can be found in rocks and is the main constituent of pearls and the shells of snails, marine organisms, and eggs. The global market for Calcium Carbonate is estimated to reach 98.7 million tons by 2020, due to the robust demand from paper and plastics end-use sectors.

Chemical structure: CaCO₃ or CCaO₃. The thermodynamically stable form of CaCO₃ under standard conditions is hexagonal β-CaCO₃, (the mineral calcite). There are other less stable forms, they include; orthorhombic λ-CaCO₃ (mineral aragonite) and μ-CaCO₃ (mineral vaterite).

Properties: calcium carbonate is a white, colorless crystal or odorless powder...

PENTAERYTHRITOL

~ also known as Pentek; 115-77-5; 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol; Tetramethylolmethane; Monopentaerythritol; etc. is classified as a member of the Primary alcohols. Global pentaerythritol market is expected to reach USD 1.85 billion by 2020 and it is expected to grow at an estimated CAGR of 5.6%. Chemical structure: C(CH₂OH)₄ or C₅H₁₂O₄. It is a polyol with the neopentane backbone and one hydroxyl group in each of the four terminal carbons.

Properties: Pentaerythritol is an organic compound. It exists as a white, crystalline solid. It sinks and mixes slowly with water.

Production:  It may be prepared via a base-catalyzed poly-condensation reaction between acetaldehyde and 3 equivalents of formaldehyde...