Category Health/Medical

Good and Bad Feelings for Brain Stem Serotonin

An illustration of a mouse head in profile, indicating areas where facial expression change is observed during the experiment. The majority of the head is blue, but the ears, nose and lower jaw are indigo through read, indicating that these areas are show the most changes. Illustration by Yu Ohmura.
An illustration of the facial expression changes in mice following stimulation and inhibition of the median raphe nucleus (Yu Ohmura).

New insights into the opposing actions of serotonin-producing nerve fibres in mice could lead to drugs for treating addictions and major depression.

Scientists in Japan have identified a nerve pathway involved in the processing of rewarding and distressing stimuli and situations in mice.

The new pathway, originating in a bundle of brain stem nerve fibres called the median raphe nucleus, acts in opposition to a previously identified reward/aversion pathway that originates in the nearby dorsal raphe nucleus...

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Spray-on Smart Skin uses AI to Rapidly Understand Hand Tasks

Spray-on smart skin uses AI to rapidly understand hand tasks
Spray-on sensory system which consists of printed, bio-compatible nanomesh directly connected with wireless Bluetooth module and further trained through meta-learning. Credit: Kyun Kyu “Richard” Kim, Bao Group, Stanford U.

A new smart skin developed at Stanford University might foretell a day when people type on invisible keyboards, identify objects by touch alone, or allow users to communicate by hand gestures with apps in immersive environments.

In a just-publish paper in the journal Nature Electronics the researchers describe a new type of stretchable biocompatible material that gets sprayed on the back of the hand, like suntan spray...

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Scientists uncover a Novel Cellular Mechanism that Regulates Aging and Fertility

“We have always been intrigued by the dichotomy between two diametrically opposed, fundamental phenomena in biology: soma mortality and germline immortality. The prospect of uncovering the molecular underpinnings of this sharply idiosyncratic character of cell types, within a single organism, provided ample motivation for us to embark on a research journey, towards tackling such questions. We decided to focus on nuclear morphology in somatic cells, which deteriorates during ageing. By contrast, the overall architecture of the nucleus is preserved in the germline. Our hypothesis was that a homeostatic mechanism effectively maintains the structure of germ cell nuclei, whereas it fails during ageing, in the soma...
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Study identifies Key Neurons that Maintain Body Temperature at 37°C in Mammals

A research group at Nagoya University in Japan has reported that a group of neurons, called EP3 neurons, in the preoptic area of the brain play a key role in regulating body temperature in mammals. The finding could pave the way for the development of a technology that artificially adjusts body temperature to help treat heatstroke, hypothermia, and even obesity. The new study was published in the journal Science Advances.

Body temperature in humans and many other mammals is regulated at around 37°C (98.6°F), which optimizes all regulatory functions. When their body temperature noticeably deviates from the normal range, the functions are impaired, which could lead to heat stroke, hypothermia, and, in the worst case, death...

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