Category Health/Medical

Artificial neurons replicate biological function for improved computer chips

Artificial neurons developed by USC team replicate biological function for improved computer chips
An integrated spiking artificial neuron, with rich neuron functionality, single-transistor footprints, and low energy consumption for neuromorphic computing systems, can be created by stacking one diffusive memristor and one resistor on top of a transistor. The photograph on the cover shows the chip of an array of these integrated neurons, which are fabricated in the university’s cleanroom and have an active region of around 4 μm2 for each neuron. Credit: The Yang Lab at USC

Researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering and School of Advanced Computing have developed artificial neurons that replicate the complex electrochemical behavior of biological brain cells.

The innovation, documented in Nature Electronics, is a leap forward in neuromorphic computing technology...

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How axolotls rely on their ‘fight or flight’ network to regenerate body parts

axolotls
Credit: Yaiol AI from Pexels

Biologists have long been fascinated by the ability of salamanders to regrow entire limbs. Now Harvard researchers have solved part of the mystery of how they accomplish this feat—by activating stem cells throughout the body, not just at the injury site.

In a paper published in the journal Cell, researchers documented how this body-wide response in axolotl salamanders is triggered by the sympathetic nervous system—the iconic “fight or flight” network. The study raises the possibility that these mechanisms might one day be manipulated to regenerate human limbs and organs.

“We’ve shown the importance of the adrenaline stress signaling hormone in getting cells ready for regeneration,” said Duygu Payzin-Dogru, lead author of the new study and a postdo...

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How the brain’s activity, energy use and blood flow change as people fall asleep

A new study by investigators from Mass General Brigham has used next-generation imaging technology to discover that when the brain is falling asleep, it shows a coordinated shift in activity.

The researchers found that during NREM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep, parts of the brain that handle movement and sensory input stay active and keep using energy, while areas involved in thinking, memory and daydreaming quiet down and use less energy. Their results are published in Nature Communications.

“This research helps explain how the brain stays responsive to the outside world even as awareness fades during sleep,” said corresponding author Jingyuan Chen, Ph.D., an assistant investigator at the Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging at Massachusetts General Hospital.

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How just minutes of running can supercharge your health

Interval running condenses the powerful effects of regular running into shorter, high-intensity bursts. Research shows it can improve cardiovascular health, regulate blood sugar, and reduce body fat more effectively than longer steady runs. Just a few short sprints per session can deliver major fitness gains.

Running offers a wide range of advantages for both body and mind. It can protect against disease, improve mood, and even slow down the body’s natural aging process.

Yet about 31% of adults still don’t get enough physical activity, including running. The most common reason people give is simple — they don’t have enough time.

That’s where interval running comes in. It promises nearly all the same benefits of regular running, but in a fraction of the time.

What Is Interv...

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