Category Health/Medical

Image: Based upon conserved snoRNA sequence elements, this large population of guide RNAs has been divided into two major families designated the box C/D and the box H/ACA snoRNAs. The primary function of the box C/D snoRNAs is to guide 2′-O-methylation of targeted rRNA nucleotides while the box H/ACA snoRNAs direct the conversion of specific uridine residues to pseudouridine.

Scientists have discovered unexpected functions of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) that explain the cause of some genetic diseases and cancers. However, it is not clear how the change in snoRNA expression could lead to these diseases. Using RNA sequencing and molecular biology techniques, researchers found snoRNAs not only modify ribosomes, but can also regulate alternative splicing...

UPV researchers have developed new synthetic models of human tissues that simulate electromagnetic properties of different tissues and organs. Known as phantoms, these models may be of interest for the development of new technologies for use in medical screening and evaluation of 5G mobile communication devices.

Recently, there has been a growing interest in the use of telecomms devices for clinical diagnosis. Tiny sensors and monitoring units can be incorporated into capsules and ingested orally, recording biological data inside the body and transmitting it to the outside. These devices communicate wirelessly, sending electromagnetic waves through the body, which acts as a transmission medium...

NMR-based model for Pin1 (“A” and “B” globular domains), and its interaction with its “disordered” protein targets pertinent to cancer and Alzheimer’s disease (green). The Pin1 “A” and “B” domains specialize in peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity and binding, respectively. (1) Close contact between “A” and “B” acts as a “brake” on “A” activity. (2) Upon target encounter, “B” binds one site, which unleashes “A,” thereby releasing the brake on “A” activity. (3) The flexibly tethered “A” is then poised to hunt for an adjacent site with enhanced activity. Credit: Jeffrey Peng/University of Notre Dame

Drugs to treat cancer and Alzheimer’s disease usually target the active sites of specific protein molecules sustaining the disease...

Micra® Transcatheter Pacing System (TPS) Credit: Image courtesy of Meridian Health

The Micra® Transcatheter Pacing System (TPS) – the world’s smallest pacemaker – has now been gained FDA approval. Jersey Shore University Medical Center, part of Meridian CardioVascular Network, is the first hospital in New Jersey to implant the TPS. Micra TPS is a new type of heart device that treats patients with bradycardia, a common heart condition characterized by a slow or irregular heart rhythm.

People with bradycardia usually experience fewer than 60 beats per minute. At this rate, the heart is unable to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the body during normal activity or exercise, causing dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath or fainting spells...