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    Category Physics

    Nanostructures enable On-Chip Lightwave-Electronic Frequency Mixer

    September 6, 2024, Categories  Physics, Technology/Electronics

    Illustration of a computer chip, with waves of different colors and frequencies appearing above, below, and across it
    The demonstration of a lightwave-electronic mixer at petahertz-scale frquencies is a first step toward making communication technology faster and progresses research toward developing new, miniaturized lightwave electronic circuitry capable of handling optical signals directly at the nanoscale.
    Credits:Image: Sampson Wilcox/Research Laboratory of Electronics

    Imagine how a phone call works: Your voice is converted into electronic signals, shifted up to higher frequencies, transmitted over long distances, and then shifted back down so it can be heard clearly on the other end. The process enabling this shifting of signal frequencies is called frequency mixing, and it is essential for communication technologies like radio and Wi-Fi...

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    A Quantum Neural Network can see Optical Illusions Like Humans do. Could it be the Future of AI?

    September 2, 2024, Categories  Physics

    A quantum neural network can see optical illusions like humans do. Could it be the future of AI?
    (a) Sketch of the QT-DNN structure. W(n) with n = 1 … 4 are the matrices of the weights of the network connections. (b) QT-DNN model employs the physical effect of QT as the activation function of its nodes. (b.i) One-dimensional rectangular potential barrier of thickness a and height V0. (b.ii) Unlike in classical mechanics, in quantum mechanics, there is a non-zero probability for an electron with energy E < V0 to be transmitted through the barrier. Credit: APL Machine Learning (2024). DOI: 10.1063/5.0225771

    Optical illusions, quantum mechanics and neural networks might seem to be quite unrelated topics at first glance...

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    AI-based Tongue Imaging could help enable Non-Invasive Detection of Coronary Artery Disease

    September 1, 2024, Categories  Physics, Technology/Electronics

    AI-based tongue imaging could help enable non-invasive detection of coronary artery disease
    The tongue diagnosis instrument and collection process. 1: lens hood, 2: LED light resource, 3: high-definition camera, 4: chin support plate. Note. Use fixed standard camera parameters when shooting: the color temperature is 5,000 k, the color rendering index is 97, the frame rate is 1/125 s, the aperture is F/6.3, the exposure indicator scale is 0 or ±1. Credit: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine (2024). DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1384977

    Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of illness-based death throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization, CAD causes 17.9 million deaths per year worldwide, nearly one-third of all illness-based deaths annually.

    Coronary angiography is currently the best method of confirming a CAD diagnosis, but it is ex...

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    Bubbling, frothing and sloshing: Long-Hypothesized Plasma Instabilities Finally Observed

    August 30, 2024, Categories  Physics, Astronomy/Space

    Plasma jets illustration
    An artist’s representation of plasma interacting with magnetic fields. (Image credit: Kyle Palmer / PPPL Communications Department)

    Results could aid understanding of how black holes produce vast intergalactic jets. Scientists have observed new details of how plasma interacts with magnetic fields, potentially providing insight into the formation of enormous plasma jets that stretch between the stars.

    Whether between galaxies or within doughnut-shaped fusion devices known as tokamaks, the electrically charged fourth state of matter known as plasma regularly encounters powerful magnetic fields, changing shape and sloshing in space...

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