Key clues to Understanding the Death of Stars

Three flavors are better than one — in ice cream and supernova research -  Northwestern Now

New research has found that by studying all three ‘flavors’ involved in a supernova, they’ve unlocked more clues as to how and why stars die. Any Neapolitan ice cream lover knows three flavors are better than one. New research from Northwestern University has found that by studying all three “flavors” involved in a supernova, they’ve unlocked more clues as to how and why stars die.

Scientists look at neutrinos (subatomic particles) for critical information about supernova explosions. While previous research identified three “flavors” of neutrinos, many researchers continued to simplify studies on the topic by studying “vanilla” while ignoring “chocolate” and “strawberry.”

By including all three flavors in the study, Northwestern researchers have developed a deeper knowledge of d...

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Anti-Diarrhea Drug drives Cancer cells to Cell Death

In glioblastoma cells, the antidiarrheal drug loperamide triggers the degradation of the endoplasmic reticulum. In the normal state, it is coloured yellow in these microscopic images. In the degradation state, it glows as a red signal (marked with arrows). Left scale bar: 20 µm, right scale bar (inset): 5 µm (Photos: Svenja Zielke et. al.)

In cell culture, loperamide, a drug commonly used against diarrhea, proves effective against glioblastoma cells. A research team has now unraveled the drug’s mechanisms of action of cell death induction and – in doing so – has shown how this compound could help attack brain 7mtumors that otherwise are difficult to treat.

The research group led by Dr Sjoerd van Wijk from the Institute of Experimental Cancer Research in Paediatrics at Goethe Unive...

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Bio-inspired Endoscope provides 3D Visible and Near-Infrared images simultaneously

Researchers developed a new bio-inspired medical endoscope that acquires visible light and near-infrared fluorescence images at the same time. They tested it by imaging three different concentrations of the fluorescent reagent indocyanine green. Images show (a) a near-infrared fluorescence image, (b) the intensity distribution of the near-infrared fluorescence image, (c) color image of the samples under visible illumination, and (d) a fusion image combining the color image and the near-infrared fluorescence image.
Credit: Chenyoung Shi, Chinese Academy of Sciences

New instrument could one day help surgeons more easily pinpoint cancerous tissue...

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How Nearby Galaxies Form their Stars

How stars form in galaxies remains a major open question. Robert Feldmann sheds new light on this topic with the help of a data-driven re-analysis of observational measurements.

How stars form in galaxies remains a major open question in astrophysics. A new study sheds new light on this topic with the help of a data-driven re-analysis of observational measurements. The star-formation activity of typical, nearby galaxies is found to scale proportionally with the amount of gas present in these galaxies. This points to the net gas supply from cosmic distances as the main driver of galactic star formation.

Stars are born in dense clouds of molecular hydrogen gas that permeates interstellar space of most galaxies...

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