Empowering Mucosal Healing with an Engineered Probiotic

Inflammatory lesions destroy epithelial cells that function as a barrier between the inside of the gut (lumen) and the rest of the body (left). This loss of barrier function leads to a feedback cycle of worsening inflammation fueled by bacteria and other particles crossing the barrier. PATCH is a bioactive material synthesized by engineered probiotic bacteria that helps to maintain gut barrier function even in the presence of inflammatory insults, thereby helping to keep bacteria and other particulates in the lumen and ameliorating the symptoms of inflammation (right). Credit: Wyss Institute at Harvard University

Researchers developed a living material approach that uses a strain of genetically engineered E.coli Nissle bacteria as a locally acting probiotic...

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A Tech Jewel: Converting Graphene into Diamond Film

Comparison between bilayer graphene and fluorinated monolayer diamond (F-diamane). Top: Optimized models of bilayer graphene and F-diamane. Orange and grey spheres represent fluorine and carbon atoms, respectively. Bottom: Cross-sectional transmission electron micrographs of as-grown bilayer graphene and F-diamane with the highlighted interlayer and interatomic distances.
Comparison between bilayer graphene and fluorinated monolayer diamond (F-diamane).
Top: Optimized models of bilayer graphene and F-diamane. Orange and grey spheres represent fluorine and carbon atoms, respectively. Bottom: Cross-sectional transmission electron micrographs of as-grown bilayer graphene and F-diamane with the highlighted interlayer and interatomic distances.

Synthesis of the thinnest possible diamond-like material starting from bilayer graphene and without high pressure. Can two layers of the “king of the wonder materials,” i.e...

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How Planets may Form after Dust Sticks together

Aggregates in experiment and simulation.

Scientists may have figured out the origins of planets. Scientists may have figured out how dust particles can stick together to form planets, according to a Rutgers co-authored study that may also help to improve industrial processes.

In homes, adhesion on contact can cause fine particles to form dust bunnies. Similarly in outer space, adhesion causes dust particles to stick together. Large particles, however, can combine due to gravity – an essential process in forming asteroids and planets. But between these two extremes, how aggregates grow has largely been a mystery until now.

The study, published in the journal Nature Physics, found that particles under microgravity – similar to conditions believed to be in interplanetary space – d...

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Explaining the ‘Tiger Stripes’ of Saturn’s moon Enceladus

NASA image of Enceladus.
Saturn’s tiny, frozen moon Enceladus is slashed by four straight, parallel fissures or “tiger stripes” from which water erupts. These features are unlike anything else in the solar system. Scientists at UC Davis, the Carnegie Institution and UC Berkeley now have an explanation for them. (NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute image).

Slashed across the south pole of Saturn’s moon Enceladus are four straight, parallel fissures or ‘tiger stripes’ from which water erupts. These fissures aren’t quite like anything else in the Solar System. Researchers now think they have a model to explain them.

Saturn’s tiny, frozen moon Enceladus is a strange place. Just 300 miles across, the moon is thought to have an outer shell of ice covering a global ocean 20 miles deep, encasing a rocky core...

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