Maunakea Observatories shed new light on Obscured Infant Solar System

An expanded view of the central part of the cleared region around LkCa 15, showing a composite of two reconstructed images (blue: 2.1 microns, from November 2010; red: 3.7 microns) for LkCa 15. The location of the central star is also marked. Credit: Kraus & Ireland, 2011

Astronomers using the combined power of two Hawaii telescopes have taken groundbreaking, sharp new images of a distant planetary system that likely resembles a baby version of our solar system.

Using Subaru Telescope and W. M. Keck Observatory, the team obtained and analyzed data for an infant Sun-like star named LkCa 15. Previous studies using an advanced interferometry method had inferred that three infant planets were orbiting this star...

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How we make Complex Decisions

MIT neuroscientists are exploring how the brain handles hierarchical decision-making processes that involve breaking down a larger decision into smaller ones that each carry a degree of uncertainty.
Image: Chelsea Turner, MIT

Neuroscientists identify a brain circuit that helps break decisions down into smaller pieces. The study sheds light on how the brain reasons about probable causes of failure after a hierarchy of decisions. When making a complex decision, we often break the problem down into a series of smaller decisions. For example, when deciding how to treat a patient, a doctor may go through a hierarchy of steps – choosing a diagnostic test, interpreting the results, and then prescribing a medication.

Making hierarchical decisions is straightforward when the sequence of cho...

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Wearable Cooling and Heating Patch could serve as personal Thermostat and Save Energy

Prototype of the cooling and heating patch embedded in a mesh armband. Photos by David Baillot/UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering

Engineers at the University of California San Diego have developed a wearable patch that could provide personalized cooling and heating at home, work, or on the go. The soft, stretchy patch cools or warms a user’s skin to a comfortable temperature and keeps it there as the ambient temperature changes. It is powered by a flexible, stretchable battery pack and can be embedded in clothing. Researchers say wearing it could help save energy on air conditioning and heating.

“This type of device can improve your personal thermal comfort whether you are commuting on a hot day or feeling too cold in your office,” said Renkun Chen, a professor of mechanical an...

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A New Way of Diagnosing and Treating Disease – without cutting Skin

Imaging blood vessel before and after closure.(A and C) RCM and STD images of the same blood vessel before and after closure. (B) Algorithm of STD. N is the frame number for calculation of STD (in this case, N = 10); Ixy(i) is the pixel (x,y) intensity in the ith frame; Uxy is the average intensity at pixel (x,y) over all frames. (D to G) STD of different sized blood vessels before (top row) and after (bottom row) closure. The dashed white square boxes indicate the scanning irradiation area of the high-power treatment fs laser on the vessels. The pulse energy is 4.5 nJ per pulse, and the irradiation time is in the range of 0.1 to 2.1 s. Scale bars, 50 μm. (See movies S1 and S2 for more details.)

Researchers develop new laser microscope that could be ‘revolutionary’ for treatment of ...

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