The Case of the Over-Tilting Exoplanets

Yale researchers have discovered a surprising link between the tilting of exoplanets and their orbit in space. The discovery may help explain a long-standing puzzle about exoplanetary orbital architectures.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech, Sarah Millholland

For almost a decade, astronomers have tried to explain why so many pairs of planets outside our solar system have an odd configuration – their orbits seem to have been pushed apart by a powerful unknown mechanism. Yale researchers say they’ve found a possible answer, and it implies that the planets’ poles are majorly tilted.

The finding could have a big impact on how researchers estimate the structure, climate, and habitability of exoplanets as they try to identify planets that are similar to Earth...

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Graphite Offers up New Quantum Surprise

Graphite films

Dimensional reduction, quantum Hall effect and layer parity in graphite filmsNature Physics, 2019; DOI: 10.1038/s41567-019-0427-6

Researchers observe an unusual quantum Hall effect in the old 3D material. Researchers at The University of Manchester in the UK, led by Dr Artem Mishchenko, Prof Volodya Fal’ko and Prof Andre Geim, have discovered the quantum Hall effect in bulk graphite – a layered crystal consisting of stacked graphene layers. This is an unexpected result because the quantum Hall effect is possible only in so-called 2D systems where electrons’ motion is restricted to a plane and must be disallowed in the perpendicular direction...

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Crater counts on Pluto, Charon show small Kuiper Belt objects surprisingly rare

An SwRI-led team studied the craters and geology on Pluto and Charon and found there were fewer small craters than expected. This implies that the Kuiper Belt contains relatively small numbers of objects less than 1 mile in diameter. Imaged by New Horizon’s LORRI camera, the smooth, geologically stable ‘Vulcan Planitia’ on Charon illustrates these findings.
Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/LORRI/SwRI

Using New Horizons data from the Pluto-Charon flyby in 2015, a Southwest Research Institute-led team of scientists have indirectly discovered a distinct and surprising lack of very small objects in the Kuiper Belt...

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Scientists Rejuvenate Stem Cells in the Aging Brain of Mice

Scientists from the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) of the University of Luxembourg and from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have been able to rejuvenate stem cells in the brain of aging mice. The revitalized stem cells improve the regeneration of injured or diseased areas in the brain of old mice. The researchers expect that their approach will provide fresh impetus in regenerative medicine and facilitate the development of stem cell therapies.
Credit: University of Luxembourg

Scientists have been able to rejuvenate stem cells in the brain of aging mice. The revitalised stem cells improve the regeneration of injured or diseased areas in the brain of old mice...

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