What if the Big Bang wasn’t the beginning? Research suggests it may have taken place inside a black hole

The Big Bang is often described as the explosive birth of the universe—a singular moment when space, time and matter sprang into existence. But what if this was not the beginning at all? What if our universe emerged from something else—something more familiar and radical at the same time?

In a new paper, published in Physical Review D, my colleagues and I propose a striking alternative. Our calculations suggest the Big Bang was not the start of everything, but rather the outcome of a gravitational crunch or collapse that formed a very massive black hole—followed by a bounce inside it.

This idea, which we call the black hole universe, offers a radically different view of cosmic origins, yet it is grounded entirely in known physics and observations.

Today’s standard cosmo...

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Self-powered artificial synapse mimics human color vision

Self-powered artificial synapse mimics human color vision
The top half of this image depicts the proposed artificial synapse made using dye-sensitized solar cells. The plot shows the bipolar voltage response of the synapse depending on the wavelength of light used, which mimics how our eyes perceive the world and enables logic operations. The bottom half of the image shows an experiment in which the proposed system was used to capture and classify various human movements. Credit: Associate Professor Takashi Ikuno from Tokyo University of Science, adapted from Scientific Reports (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-00693-0

As artificial intelligence and smart devices continue to evolve, machine vision is taking an increasingly pivotal role as a key enabler of modern technologies...

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Supercomputer simulation reveals how merging neutron stars form black holes and powerful jets

Breakthrough in simulating how neutron stars collide
Still image from the numerical simulation at around 1.3 seconds after the neutron star merger. The contours in blue and green show the density of the matter around the central remnant black hole. The magenta lines show the magnetic field lines and the arrows display the outflow in the magnetosphere (jet). Credit: K. Hayashi / Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)

Merging neutron stars are excellent targets for multi-messenger astronomy. This modern and still very young method of astrophysics coordinates observations of the various signals from one and the same astrophysical source. When two neutron stars collide, they emit gravitational waves, neutrinos and radiation across the entire electromagnetic spectrum...

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Newly discovered mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity may drive insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

Mitochondria within liver cells from obese mice show signs of dysfunction by producing excessive reactive oxygen species (red), which is harmful and contributes to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Image courtesy of Renata Goncalves.

A newly discovered mechanism that leads to liver dysfunction may be a key factor in type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders in individuals with obesity, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

The dysfunction identified—dysregulated hepatic coenzyme Q metabolism—leads to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by mitochondria at a single specific site in an enzyme called complex I. The researchers say the discovery offers a potential path for new, precise treatments for metabolic diseases.

“Our findings provide the first step toward solving a complex problem in the field of metabolic disease research that has stood for three decades,” said corresponding author Gökhan S...

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