New Study Identifies Mechanism driving the Sun’s Fast Wind

Image credit: Amanda Smith / University of Birmingham

Release of magnetic energy near the sun’s surface enables the solar wind to reach gravity-defying speeds. In a paper published June 7, 2023 in the journal Nature, a team of researchers used data from NASA’s Parker Solar Probe to explain how the solar wind is capable of surpassing speeds of 1 million miles per hour. They discovered that the energy released from the magnetic field near the sun’s surface is powerful enough to drive the fast solar wind, which is made up of ionized particles — called plasma — that flow outward from the sun.

James Drake, a Distinguished University Professor in the University of Maryland’s Department of Physics and Institute for Physical Science and Technology (IPST), co-led this research alongside firs...

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Exposure to ‘Forever Chemicals’ during Pregnancy linked to increased risk of Obesity in Kids

The risks of exposure to “forever chemicals” start even before birth, a new study confirms, potentially setting up children for future health issues.

Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) during pregnancy was linked to slightly higher body mass indices and an increased risk of obesity in children, according to a new Environmental Health Perspectives study led by Brown University researchers.

While this link has been suggested in previous research, the data has been inconclusive. The new study involves a much broader data set with research sites across the country, said lead author Yun “Jamie” Liu, a postdoctoral research associate in epidemiology at the Brown University School of Public Health.

“The findings were based on eight research cohorts located in dif...

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Long COVID can impact Fatigue and Quality of Life worse than some Cancers, finds new study

covid
Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain

Fatigue is the symptom that most significantly impacts the daily lives of long COVID patients, and can affect quality of life more than some cancers, finds a new study led by researchers at UCL and the University of Exeter.

The research, published in BMJ Open , examines the impact of long COVID on the lives of over 3,750 patients who were referred to a long COVID clinic and used a digital app as part of their NHS treatment for the condition.

Patients were asked to complete questionnaires on the app about how long COVID was affecting them—considering the impact of long COVID on their day-to-day activities, levels of fatigue, depression, anxiety, breathlessness, brain fog, and their quality of life.

The researchers found that many long COVID p...

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Unlocking Photonic Computing Power with Artificial ‘Life’

Unlocking photonic computing power with artificial 'life'
Photonic platform for simulating complex phenomena using elementary cellular automata. a Schematic of the experimental setup. Cells are represented by pulses of light produced by a mode-locked laser (MLL) with a repetition rate of TR. The cell states are encoded by an electro-optic modulator (EOM) and are split into optical fiber delay lines (blue lines) to induce local interactions of neighboring light pulses. Specific ECA rules are programmed by tuning the variable optical attenuator (VOA) in each delay line. Optoelectronic thresholding is performed following the coherent interference of light pulses, with the resultant cell states stored on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and reinjected (black lines) to drive the input EOM for the next iteration. b Truth table showing the unifor...
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