Volcanoes on Mars could be Active, raising possibility Mars was recently Habitable

Volcanic deposits at the the Cerberus Fossae system on Mars
Recent explosive volcanic deposit around a fissure of the Cerberus Fossae system.NASA/JPL/MSSS/The Murray Lab

Evidence of recent volcanic activity on Mars shows that eruptions could have taken place in the past 50,000 years, according to new study by researchers at the University of Arizona’s Lunar and Planetary Laboratory and the Planetary Science Institute.

Most volcanism on the Red Planet occurred between 3 and 4 billion years ago, with smaller eruptions in isolated locations continuing perhaps as recently as 3 million years ago. But, until now, there was no evidence to indicate Mars could still be volcanically active.

Using data from satellites orbiting Mars, researchers discovered a previously unknown volcanic deposit...

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How Planets Form Controls Elements Essential for Life

How planets form controls elements essential for life
Nitrogen-bearing, Earth-like planets can be formed if their feedstock material grows quickly to around moon- and Mars-sized planetary embryos before separating into core-mantle-crust-atmosphere, according to Rice University scientists. If metal-silicate differentiation is faster than the growth of planetary embryo-sized bodies, then solid reservoirs fail to retain much nitrogen and planets growing from such feedstock become extremely nitrogen-poor. Credit: Amrita P. Vyas/Rice University

The prospects for life on a given planet depend not only on where it forms but also how, according to Rice University scientists.

Planets like Earth that orbit within a solar system’s Goldilocks zone, with conditions supporting liquid water and a rich atmosphere, are more likely to harbor life...

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In fight against COVID Variants some firms Target Tcell Jabs

covid-19
Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain

Getting COVID vaccines into the arms of the world’s population is an international priority—but will today’s jabs stay effective against virus variants that are spreading across the globe?

It is one of the big questions about the pandemic, with Pfizer chief Albert Bourla recently acknowledging that it is likely a booster will be needed to help extend the protection conferred by its vaccine and ward off new variants.

A recent study presented a mixed picture. It found that the antibody response of current vaccines could fail against variants. However, a second immune response in the form of killer T cells—which attack already infected cells and not the virus itself—remained largely intact.

Several startups are working on developing shots ...

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Artificial Intelligence makes great Microscopes better than ever

Green streaks shoot off of a blue, purple and pink bulbous shape against a dark background of circles and curvy lines.
A representation of a neural network provides a backdrop to a fish larva’s beating heart. Illustration credit: Tobias Wüstefeld.

Machine learning helps some of the best microscopes to see better, work faster, and process more data. Collaboration between deep learning experts and microscopy experts leads to an significantly improved data-intensive light-field microscopy method by using AI and ground-truthing it with light-sheet microscopy. The result is the power of light-field microscopy available to biologists in near real time vs. days or weeks, AND the expansion of biologists’ ability to use this microscopy for many things more things requiring the most detailed observation.

To observe the swift neuronal signals in a fish brain, scientists have started to use a technique calle...

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