Category Health/Medical

Researchers Identify Cells likely Targeted by COVID-19 virus

This scanning electron microscope image shows SARS-CoV-2 (orange)—also known as 2019-nCoV, the virus that causes COVID-19—isolated from a patient in the U.S., emerging from the surface of cells (green) cultured in the lab.
Credit: NIAID-RML

Study finds specific cells in the lungs, nasal passages, and intestines that are more susceptible to infection. Researchers at MIT; the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard; and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; along with colleagues from around the world have identified specific types of cells that appear to be targets of the coronavirus that is causing the Covid-19 pandemic.

Using existing data on the RNA found in different types of cells, the researchers were able to search for cells that express the two proteins that help the SARS-Co...

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Milestone for the Early Detection of Sepsis

A team led by Christoph W. Sensen (right), head of the Institute of Computational Biotechnology at TU Graz, has succeeded in using biomarkers to diagnose sepsis 2 to 3 days before the first clinical symptoms appear. © Lunghammer – TU Graz (photo was made in 2017)

Researchers are developing a ground-breaking method that uses biomarkers to detect sepsis 2 to 3 days before the first clinical symptoms appear. This can significantly increase the chances of survival in cases of blood poisoning by bacteria or fungi.

Whether activating or silencing genes, breaking down defective cells or building new tissue, our body is constantly working to repair itself, even in cases of illness. To fight a disease, our body sends out signals, often long before we ourselves notice the disease...

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Researchers achieve Remote Control of Hormone Release

MIT engineers have developed magnetic nanoparticles (shown in white squares) that can stimulate the adrenal gland to produce stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol.
Image: Courtesy of the researchers

Abnormal levels of stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol are linked to a variety of mental health disorders, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MIT researchers have now devised a way to remotely control the release of these hormones from the adrenal gland, using magnetic nanoparticles.

This approach could help scientists to learn more about how hormone release influences mental health, and could eventually offer a new way to treat hormone-linked disorders, the researchers say...

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Researchers Repurpose Classic Chemotherapy Drug to Overcome Cancer Therapy Resistance

Anticancer immunity targeting therapy-resistant leukemia stem cells is activated by low-dose doxorubicin.
Image/Art credit: Mark Miller, Stowers Institute.

Drug resistance is a major obstacle in cancer treatment – leading to relapse for many patients. In a new study, published online April 20, 2020, in Nature Cell Biology, researchers from the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, and The University of Kansas Cancer Center report on a promising new strategy to overcome drug resistance in leukemia, using targeted doses of the widely-used chemotherapy drug doxorubicin.

The study’s researchers found that low doses of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin inhibit the interaction between two molecular pathways that work closely together to promote tumor ...

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